Short Communication: Isolation and characterization of the endophytic bacteria, and their potential as maize diseases control
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Abstract. Mugiastuti E, Suprayogi, Prihatiningsih N, Soesanto L. 2020. Short Communication: Isolation And Characterization Of The Endophytic Bacteria, And Their Potential As Maize Diseases Control. Biodiversitas 21: 1809-1815. Sheath blight and bacterial wilt are diseases that can reduce maize production. Biological control with the endophytic bacteria offers environmentally friendly control for these pathogens. The study aimed to isolate and characterize the endophytic bacteria morphologically and biochemically and to study their potential to control maize diseases, especially sheat blight and bacterial wilt causing pathogens. The study was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, from April to August 2019. The study consisted of four stages: isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria, the antagonism test of the endophytic bacterial to R solani, the antagonism test of the endophytic bacteria to Pantoea sp., and the mechanical test of the endophytic bacteria as biological control agents and plant growth-promoting bacteria. Based on the research, four endophytic bacteria isolates have been successfully isolated, and characterized successfully and found have the potential to be developed as biopesticides to control maize disease, especially R. solani and Pantoea sp. Bacillus sp, endophytic from the root (BK.A1; BK.A3; PP.A5) and Bacillus sp. endophytic from the stem (PPD.B2) can suppress the growth of R.solani by more than 50%, have a strong antagonistic index against Pantoea sp (> 4), and can produce protease and lipase enzyme, and phosphate solubilization.
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References
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Aini,LQ, Suryani L, Sugiharto AN,. Abadi A. 2013. Identification of bacterial wilt and leaf blight disease on maize (Zea Mays) found in Kediri, Indonesia. Agrivita 35 (1): 1-7.
Ammar, E, V.R. Correa, S.A. Hogenhout, and M.G. Redinbaugh. 2014. Immunofluorescence localization and ultrastructure of Stewart’s wilt disease bacterium Pantoea stewartii in maize leaves and in its flea beetle vector Chaetocnema pulicaria (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 2: 28–33
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Cavaglieri L, Orlando J, Etcheverry M. 2009. Rhizosphere microbial community structure at different maize plant growth stages and root locations. Microbiological
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Costa FG, Zucchi TD, de Melo IS. 2013. Biological control of Phypathogenic Fungi by Endophytic Actinomycetes Isolated from Maize (Zea Mays L.). Braz. Arch.Biol.Technol 56(6):948-955.
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Rosenblueth M, Martinez-Romero E. 2006. Bacterial endophytes and ther interaction with hosts (Review). MPMI 19 (8): 827-837.
Santiago TR, Grabowski C, Rossato M, Romeiroa RS,, Mizubuti ESG. 2015. Biological control of eucalyptus bacterial wilt with rhizobacteria. Biological Control 80:14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.09.007.
Shanti AT, Vittal RR. 2013. Biocontrol potencials of Plant Growth promoting Rhizobacteria Against Fuusarium Wilt Disease of Cucurbit. Esci J. Plant Pathol 2(3): 155-161.
Soesanto L, Mugiastuti E, Rahayuniati RF. 2010. Study of the antagonistic mechanism of Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici in tomatoes in vivo. Jurnal HPT Tropika 10(2) : 108-115
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Abidin Z, Aini LQ, Abadi AL. 2015. Effect of Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. on the growth of the pathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. causes of seedling diseases in soybean plants. Jurnal HPT 3(1): 1-10.
Aini,LQ, Suryani L, Sugiharto AN,. Abadi A. 2013. Identification of bacterial wilt and leaf blight disease on maize (Zea Mays) found in Kediri, Indonesia. Agrivita 35 (1): 1-7.
Ammar, E, V.R. Correa, S.A. Hogenhout, and M.G. Redinbaugh. 2014. Immunofluorescence localization and ultrastructure of Stewart’s wilt disease bacterium Pantoea stewartii in maize leaves and in its flea beetle vector Chaetocnema pulicaria (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 2: 28–33
Anderson LM, Stockwell VO, Loper JE. 2004. An extracellular protease of Pseudomonas fluorescens inactivates antibiotics of Pantoea agglomerans. Phytopathology 94:1228-1234
Arwiyanto T, Maryudani. YMS, Nurul N, Azizah. 2007. The phenotypic properties of Pseudomonas fluorescens, biological control agents for lincat disease in temanggung tobacco. Biodiversitas 8(2) : 147-151.
Cavaglieri L, Orlando J, Etcheverry M. 2009. Rhizosphere microbial community structure at different maize plant growth stages and root locations. Microbiological
Compant SB, Duffy, Nowak J. Clement C, Barka EA. 2005. Use of Plant Growth- Promotng Bacteria for Biocontrol of Plant Diseases: principles, Mechanisme of Acion, and Future Prospects. Applied and Enviromental Microbiology 71(9): 4951-4959.
Coplin DL, Redinbaugh M G. 2012. The Bacterium Pantoea stewartii Uses Two Different Type III Secretion Systems To Colonize Its Plant Host and Insect Vector. Applied and Enviromental Microbiology 78(17): 6327-6336.
Costa FG, Zucchi TD, de Melo IS. 2013. Biological control of Phypathogenic Fungi by Endophytic Actinomycetes Isolated from Maize (Zea Mays L.). Braz. Arch.Biol.Technol 56(6):948-955.
Davis WW, Stout TR. 1971. Disc plate methods of microbiological antibiotic assay. Applied Microbiology 22(4):659-665.
Djaenuddin N, Nonci N, Muis A. 2017. Effectiveness of the formula Bacillus subtilis TM4 for disease control in maize plants. Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia 13(4): 113-118
Djatmiko HA, Arwiyanto T, Hadisutrisno B, Sunarminto BH. 2007. Potential of three bacterial genera from three plant rhizosphere as biological agents controlling lincat disease. Jurnal ilmu-ilmu Pertanian 9(1):40-47.
Djuric SA. Pavic, Jarak M, Pavlovic S, Starovic M, Pivic R, Josic D.. 2011. Selection of indigenous fluorescent pseudomonad isolates from maize rhizospheric soil in Vojvodina as possible PGPR. Romanian Biotechnological Letters 16(5): 6580–6590.DOI:10.1094/PHI-I-2004-0113-01.
Farooq U, Bano A. 2013. Screening of indigenous bacteria from rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays L.) for their plant growth promotion ability and antagonism against fungal and bacterial pathogens. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 23(6), pp.1642– 1652.
Ganeshan G, Kumar AM. 2005. Pseudomonas fluorescens, a potential bacterial antagonist to control plant diseases. Journal of Plant Interactions 1(3): 123_134.
Hastuti RD, Saraswati R, Sari AP. 2014. The effectiveness of the endophytic microbes in promoting plant growth and controlling leaf blight disease in the lowland rice. Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim 38(2) : 109-118.
Heydari A, Pessarakhi M. 2010. A review on biological control of fungal plant pathogens using microbial antagonists. Journal of Biological Science 10(4): 273-290
Motaa MS, Gomes CB, Júniora ITS, Moura AB. 2017. Bacterial selection for biological control of plant disease: criterion determination and validation. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 48 : 62–70
Muis A. 2007. Mmanagement of sheath blight disease (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.) in maize. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian 26(3) : 100-103Desi 2014
Nasrun, Burhanudin. 2016. Evaluation of the efficacy of the formula Pseudomonas fluorescens for controlling bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) patchouli. Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, 27(1): 67-76.
Nuryanto B, Priyatmojo A, Hadisutrisno B.. 2014. Pengaruh Tinggi Tempat dan Tipe Tanaman Padi terhadap Keparahan Penyakit Hawar Pelepah. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan 33(1):1–8.
Orole OO, Adejumo TO. 2011. Bacterial and fungal endophytes associated with grains and roots of maize. Journal of Ecology and the natural Enviroment 3(9):298-303.
Pal KK, McSpadden Gardener B. 2006. Biological Control of Plant Pathogens.
Pataky JK. 2004. Stewart’s wilt of corn. The Plant Health Instructor.
Rosenblueth M, Martinez-Romero E. 2006. Bacterial endophytes and ther interaction with hosts (Review). MPMI 19 (8): 827-837.
Santiago TR, Grabowski C, Rossato M, Romeiroa RS,, Mizubuti ESG. 2015. Biological control of eucalyptus bacterial wilt with rhizobacteria. Biological Control 80:14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.09.007.
Shanti AT, Vittal RR. 2013. Biocontrol potencials of Plant Growth promoting Rhizobacteria Against Fuusarium Wilt Disease of Cucurbit. Esci J. Plant Pathol 2(3): 155-161.
Soesanto L, Mugiastuti E, Rahayuniati RF. 2010. Study of the antagonistic mechanism of Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici in tomatoes in vivo. Jurnal HPT Tropika 10(2) : 108-115
Soesanto L, Mugiastuti E, Rahayuniati RF. 2011. Utilization of some animal broths as a liquid formula for Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 to control Sclerotium rolfsii in cucumber plants. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 17(1): 7–17.
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