Aquatic insect diversity and spatial distribution in a tropical reservoir ecosystem of Kedungombo, Central Java, Indonesia
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Abstract. Taqwim MHA, Mardiyanto MB, Wijayanti M, Wardha’adhlina WA, Putra YM, Mahajoeno E, Indrawan M, Yap CK, Setyawan AD. 2025. Aquatic insect diversity and spatial distribution in a tropical reservoir ecosystem of Kedungombo, Central Java, Indonesia. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 15: 40-48. Aquatic insects are essential components of freshwater ecosystems, functioning as bioindicators and key players in trophic interactions. This study evaluated the species richness, spatial distribution, and ecological roles of aquatic and semi-aquatic insects across three distinct habitat types—forested margins, rice field edges, and open unvegetated shores—within the Kedungombo Reservoir, Central Java, Indonesia. Sampling was carried out during the dry season (September–October 2024) using purposive random sampling and hand net techniques. A total of 16 species representing 4 insect orders and 13 families were identified, with dominant taxa including Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Diplonychus rusticus, Paederus fuscipes, and Chironomus striatipennis. Species richness and diversity indices (Shannon–Wiener, Pielou’s evenness, and Margalef’s richness) varied significantly across habitats, with the rice field edge (Station 2) exhibiting the highest diversity. Predatory insects were the most prevalent functional group, followed by detritivores and generalist omnivores. Several species showed station-specific occurrence, suggesting narrow habitat preferences and potential as ecological indicators. The open shoreline habitat had the lowest richness and was dominated by disturbance-tolerant taxa, while shaded and vegetated zones supported more diverse and specialized assemblages. These findings underscore the ecological significance of microhabitat heterogeneity in maintaining aquatic insect communities within artificial lentic systems. Conservation and management strategies for tropical reservoirs should prioritize habitat complexity and buffer zones to sustain insect-mediated ecosystem functions under increasing anthropogenic pressures.
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