Resistance level of several soybean lines of M6 generation to stem rot disease Athelia rolfsii
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Abstract. Hanafiah DS, Safni I, Siregar LAM, Famanik RIM, Lestmi A, Matondang M. 2020. Resistance level of several soybean lines of M6 generation to stem rot disease Athelia rolfsii. Biodiversitas 21: 4537-4542. Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) C.C. Tu & Kimbr. is a soil-borne pathogen that causes stem rot disease on plants. The attack is one of the causes of low soybean productivity hence induction of plant resistance is needed to overcome these problems. Mutagenesis is one of the breeding techniques for inducing genetic variability especially for disease-resistant characters in soybean. This research aimed to obtain selected soybean plant lines (Glycine max L. Merr) of M6 generation based on resistant character against stem rot disease A. rolfsii. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Disease and research field of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia and soybean planting was carried out on agricultural field, Universitas Sumatera Utara from March to September 2018. This research used augmented design. The treatments were 8 mutant genotypes derived from radiation mutagenesis, that is; Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, and Kipas Putih varieties. The results showed that the analysis of resistant levels on M6 generation based on disease incidence resulted in 2 lines with resistant criteria to stem rot disease A. rolfsii, that is; M100A25 (5/3) and M200A11 (32/3). Observation of intensity of disease attacks showed that Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, M100A6 (31/1), and M200A12 (6/5) had the lowest resistance level compared to other genotypes. The mutant lines that had high category level of resistance are candidates for resistance lines against stem rot disease A. rolfsii.
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References
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Sibarani IB, Lahay RR, Hanafiah DS. 2014. Morphological response of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) varieties of Anjasmoro to some gamma ray irradiation. Journal of Agroecotechnology, 3(2), 515-526.
Sihombing, YBL, Hanafiah DS, Husni, Y. 2016. Selection of M3 individuals based on early maturity and high production of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill). Journal of Agroecotechnology, 4(4), 2272-2283.
Sumartini. 2011. Soil Transmission (Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia solani ) in Nuts and Tubers and how to control them, Bean and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang. Journal of Agricultural Research and Development, 31(1).
Tantawizal, Rahayu M. 2017. Incidence of wilt disease Sclerotium rolfsii on several varieties of Peanut and application of biological control agents. Beans and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang, Primordia, 13(1).
Tindaon H. 2008. Effect of Trichoderma harzianum Antagonists and Organic Fertilizers for Controlling Soil Pathogens Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc in Soybean (Glycine max L.) Plants in the Greenhouse. [Student Paper]. Universitas Sumatera Utara Repository, Medan.
Yusnita, Widodo, Sudarsono. 2005. In vitro selection of peanut somatic embryos on mediun containing cultur filtrate of Sclerotium rolfsii and plantlet regeneration. Hayati 12(2).
Asadi. 2011. Utilization of radiation rays in plant breeding. Center for Research and Development of Biotechnology and Genetic Resources for Agriculture, 33(1), Bogor.
Bagwan NB. 2011. Evaluation of biocontrol potential of Trichoderma species against Sclerotium rolfsii, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. International Journal of Plant Protection 4(1):107-111. ISSN 0974-2670.
Bangun K. 2016. Selected Individual Selection from The Best lines in Soybean Plants (Glycine max L. Merrill) M4 Gamma Ray Irradiation Based on Early Maturity and High Production Characters. [Student Paper]. Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan. [Indonesian].
Cunha WG, Trinoco MLP, Pancoti HL, Ribeiro RE, Aragao FJL. 2010. High resistance to Seclerotina sclerotium in transgenic soybean plants transformed to express an oxalate decarboxylase gene. Plant. Pathol. 59, 654-660. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02279.
Dhanavel D, Gnanamurthy S, Girija M. 2012. Effect of gamma rays on induced chromosomal variation in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L Walp). International Journal of Current Science. Special Issue: 245-250.
Ferreira SA, Boyle RA. 2006. Sclerotium rolfsii. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Hawaii at Manoa.
Gaswanto R, Syukur M, Purwoko BS, Hidayat SH. 2016. Induced mutation by gamma rays irradiation to increase chilli resistance to Begomivirus. Agrivita 38(1): 24-32. ISSN: 0126-0537. DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v38i1.581.
Ghosh A, Chatterjee NC, Pankaj KPAL. 2012. Germination deterrence of seeds of Abrus precatorius L. by te seed-born pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii. J. Mycopathol Res, 50(1): 115-116. ISSN 0971-3719.
Hamdiyati Y, Kusnadi, Slamet Y. 2000. The effect of various growth substrates to make stock culture of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Indonesia.
Husna R. 2016. How to apply Trichoderma spp. for Suppressing Stem Rot Disease (Athelia rolfsii (Curzi)) Infection in Several Soybean Varieties in the Kassa House, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. [Student Paper]. Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. [Indonesian].
Kator L, Hosea ZY, Oche OD. 2015. Sclerotium rolfsii; Causative organism of southern blight, stem rot, white mold, and sclerotia rot disease. Annals of Biological Research 6(11):8-89. ISSN 0976-1233.
Kim JH, Baek MH, Chung BY, Wi SG, Kim JS. 2004. Alterations in the photoshyntetic pigments and antioxidant machineries of red pepper (Capsicum annum L) seedlings from gamma-irradiated seeds. Journal of Plant Biology 47(4):314-321. DOI: 10.1007/BF03030546.
Marwoto, Indiati SW. 2009. Soybean pest control strategy in the era of global climate change. Researchers on the Bean and Tuber Crops Research Institute. Food Crops Science and Technology, 4(1).
Moekasan TK, Prabaningrum L, Meitha L. 2000. Application of integrated pest management in rotating crops systems of shallots and chilli. Vegetable Research Research Center for Horticulture Research and Development, Agricultural Research and Development Agency, Jakarta.
Muduli KC, Misra RC. 2007. Efficacy of mutagenic treatments in producing useful mutants in finger millet (Eleusine coracana Gaertn). Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 67(3): 232-237.
Mustaqim I. 2015. Morphological and Genotypic Diversity of Soybean Plants (Glycine max L. Merril) Resulting from Gamma Ray Irradiation in M2 Generation. [Student Paper]. Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan. [Indonesian].
Peltier AJ, Bradley CA, Martin I, Chilvers, Malvick DK, Mueller DS, Wise KA, Esker PD. 2012. Biology, yield loss and control of Sclerotinia stem rot of soybean, Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 3(2), B1–B7, DOI: 10.1603/IPM11033.
Pudjihartati, Satriyas E, Sudarsono I. 2006. Activity of rapid formation of active oxygen species, peroxidase, and lignin content of peanuts infected by Sclerotium rolfsii. IPB Bogor, 13(4), ISSN 08548587.
Rahmah M, Hanafiah DS, Siregar LAM, Safni I. 2018. Selection individual on mutant genotype of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) in M5 generation based on resistance of stem rot disease (Athelia rolfsii (Curzi). IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2018, DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/122/1/012026.
Rani I. 2001. Resistance Level of Some Peanut Varieties to Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. [Thesis]. Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Institute of Agriculture, Bogor.
Ranjan A, Westrick NM, Jain S, Piotrowski JS, Ranjan M, Kessens R, Stiegman L, Grau CR, Conley SP, Smith DL, Kabbage M. 2019. Resistance against Scelorotinia sclerotiorum in soybean involves a reprogramming of the phenylpropanoid pathway and up-regulation of antifungal activity targeting ergosterol biosynthesis. Plant Biotechnology Journal (2019), 17, 1567-1581. DOI: 10.111/pbi.13082.
Sibarani IB, Lahay RR, Hanafiah DS. 2014. Morphological response of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) varieties of Anjasmoro to some gamma ray irradiation. Journal of Agroecotechnology, 3(2), 515-526.
Sihombing, YBL, Hanafiah DS, Husni, Y. 2016. Selection of M3 individuals based on early maturity and high production of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill). Journal of Agroecotechnology, 4(4), 2272-2283.
Sumartini. 2011. Soil Transmission (Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia solani ) in Nuts and Tubers and how to control them, Bean and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang. Journal of Agricultural Research and Development, 31(1).
Tantawizal, Rahayu M. 2017. Incidence of wilt disease Sclerotium rolfsii on several varieties of Peanut and application of biological control agents. Beans and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang, Primordia, 13(1).
Tindaon H. 2008. Effect of Trichoderma harzianum Antagonists and Organic Fertilizers for Controlling Soil Pathogens Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc in Soybean (Glycine max L.) Plants in the Greenhouse. [Student Paper]. Universitas Sumatera Utara Repository, Medan.
Yusnita, Widodo, Sudarsono. 2005. In vitro selection of peanut somatic embryos on mediun containing cultur filtrate of Sclerotium rolfsii and plantlet regeneration. Hayati 12(2).
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