Screening of Burkholderia spp. from oil palm plantation with antagonistic properties against Ganoderma boninense
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Abstract. Yurnaliza. Rambe DI, Sarimunggu L, Purba M, Nurwahyuni I, Lenny S, Lutfia A, Hartanto A. 2020. Screening of Burkholderia spp. from oil palm plantation with antagonistic properties against Ganoderma boninense. Biodiversitas 21: 3431-3437. Burkholderia spp. are ubiquitous diazotrophic bacteria within ?-Proteobacteria group, known for its occurrence in variety of niches from aquatic to terrestrial habitats and as endophytes. Beneficial strains of Burkholderia have been reported as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria or as antagonistic bacteria against phytopathogenic fungi. This study evaluated the potential of multiple strains of Burkholderia spp. recovered from three ecological niches, such as rhizosphere, humus soil, and root endophytes of oil palm plantations in North Sumatra to suppress the growth of basal stem rot causative agent in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) by Ganoderma boninense Pat. The antagonistic isolates were identified on the basis of molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequence (27F–1462R), revealing twelve isolates (48%) as members of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), with other minor genera, such as Chitinophaga, Klebsiella, Mycobacterium, Paenibacillus, Rhizobium, Serratia, Stenotrophomonas, and Xanthomonas. The antagonistic activities as expressed in the percentage inhibition of radial growth (PIRG) against G. boninense were considerably potential with the highest percentage of 55%. In comparison, the crude extract (MeOH, EtOAc) was also tested against G. boninense colonies showing PIRG from 0 to 38%. Majority of isolates did not show any visible chitinolytic activity based on plate assay, in exception to B. contaminans RC02 while most of them were producers of glucanase. The collection of indigenous Burkholderia spp. originating from North Sumatran oil palm plantations, i.e. B. cepacia, B. contaminans, B. metallica, and B. stagnalis may then be considered as potential biocontrol agents against G. boninense based on their antagonistic activities, antifungal properties, and hydrolytic enzyme activities.
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References
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Buana RFN, Wahyudi AT, Toruan-Mathius N. 2014. Control activity of potential antifungal-producing Burkholderia sp. in suppressing Ganoderma boninense growth in oil palm. Asian J Agric Res 8: 259-268.
Compant S, Nowak J, Coenye T, Clement C, Barka EA. 2006. Diversity and occurrence of Burkholderia spp. in the natural environment. FEMS Microbiol Rev 32: 607-626.
Corley RHV, Tinker PB. 2016. The Oil Palm. Wiley Blackwell: USA.
Doyle JJ, Doyle JL. 1987. A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochem Bull 19: 11-15.
Ferreira RB, Monteiro S, Freitas R, Santos CN, Chen Z, Batista LM, Duarte J, Borges A, Teixeira AR. 2007. The role of protein defence proteins in fungal pathogenesis. Mol Plant Pathol 8: 677-700.
Flood J, Keenan L, Wayne S, Hasan Y. 2005. Studies on oil palm trunks as sources of infection in the field. Mycopathologia 159: 101-107.
Gillis M, Tran VV, Bardin R, Goor M, Hebbar P, Willems A, Segers P, Kersters K, Heulin T, Fernandez MP. 1995. Polyphasic taxonomy in the genus Burkholderia leading to an amended description of the genus and proposition of Burkholderia vietnamiensis sp. nov. for N2-fixing isolates from rice in Vietnam. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45: 274-289.
Gu G, Wang N, Chaney N, Smith L, Lu SE. 2009a. AmbR1 is a key transcriptional regulator for production of antifungal activity of Burkholderia contaminans strain MS14. FEMS Microbiol Lett 297: 54-60.
Gu G, Smith L, Wang N, Wang H, Lu SE. 2009. Biosynthesis of antifungal oligopeptide in Burkholderia contaminans strain MS14. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 380: 328-332.
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Hushiarian R, Yusof NA, Dutse SW. 2013. Detection and control of Ganoderma boninense: strategies and perspectives. SpringerPlus 2: 555.
Irma A, Meryandini A, Rupaedah B. 2018. Biofungicide producing bacteria: an in vitro inhibitor of Ganoderma boninense. Hayati J Bio Sci 25: 151-159.
Kumar S, Stetcher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K. 2018. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 35: 1547-1549.
Kong H, Shimosaka M, Ando Y, Nishiyama K, Fujii T, Miyashita K, 2001. Species-specific distribution of a modular family 19 chitinase gene in Burkholderia gladioli. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 37: 135-141.
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Latge JP. 2007. The cell wall: a carbohydrate armour of the fungal cell. Mol Microbiol 66: 279-290.
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Mahenthilaringam E, Baldwin A, Dowson CG. 2008. Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria: opportunistic pathogen with important natural biology. J Appl Microbiol 104: 1539-1551.
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Manzila I, Priyatno TP, Fathin MF, Ambarsari L, Suryadi Y, Sanudra IM, Susilowati DN. 2015. Karakterisasi ?-1,3-1,4-glukanase bakteri endofitik Burkholderia cepacia isolat E76 asal tanaman padi. Berita Biologi 14: 143-153.
Maznah Z, Halimah M, Ismail S, Idris AS. 2015. Dissipation of the fungicide hexaconazole in oil palm plantation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22: 19648-19657.
Michalko J, Socha P, Mesrazos P, Blehova A, Libantova J, Moravcikova J, Matusikova I. 2013. Glucan-rich diet is digested and taken up by the carnivorous sundew (Drosera rotundifolia L.): implication for a novel role of plant ?-1,3-glucanases. Planta 238: 715-725.
Mille-Lindblom C, Fischer H, Tranvik LJ. 2006. Antagonism between bacteria and fungi: substrate competition and a possible tradeoff between fungal growth and tolerance towards bacteria. Oikos 113: 233-242.
Muniroh MS, Nusaibah SA, Vadamalai, G, Siddique Y. 2019. Proficiency of biocontrol agents as plant growth promoters and hydrolytic enzyme producers in Ganoderma boninense infected oil palm seedlings. Curr Plant Biol 20: 100116.
Ommelna BG, Jennifer AN, Chong KP. The potential of chitosan in suppressing Ganoderma boninense infection in oil-palm seedlings. J Sustain Sci Manage 7: 186-192.
Paterson RRM, Lima N. 2017. Climate change affecting oil palm agronomy, and oil palm cultivation increasing climate change, require amelioration. Ecol Evol 8: 452-461.
Paterson RRM. 2019. Ganoderma boninense disease of oil palm to significantly reduce production after 2050 in Sumatra if projected climate change occurs. Microorganisms 7: 24.
Ramli NR, Mohamed MS, Seman IA, Zairun MA, Mohamad N. 2016. The potential of endophytic bacteria as a biological control agent for Ganoderma disease in oil palm. Sains Malaysiana 45: 401-409.
Sahebi M, Hanafi MM, Mohidin H, Rafii MY, Azizi P, Idris AS, Fariz A, Abiri R, Taheri S, Moradpoor M. 2018. Antioxidant enzyme activities and secondary metabolite profiling of oil palm seedlings treated with combination of NPK fertilizers infected with Ganoderma boninense. Biomed Res Int 2018: 1494157.
Santos PEDL, Bustillos-Cristales R, Caballero-Mellado J. 2001. Burkholderia, a genus rich in plant-associated nitrogen fixers with wide environmental and geographic distribution. Appl Environ Microbiol 67: 2790-2798.
Smet BD, Mayo M, Peeters C, Zlosnik JEA, Spilker T, Hird TJ, LiPuma JJ, Kidd TJ, Kaestli M, Ginther JL, Wagner DM, Keim P, Bell SC, Jacobs JA, Currie BK, Vandamme P. 2015. Burkholderia stagnalis sp. nov. and Burkholderia territorii sp. nov., two novel Burkholderia cepacia complex species from environmental and human sources. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 65: 2265-2271.
Stopsinek N, Bodenhausen N, Frey B, Fierer N, Eberl L, Weisskopf L. 2014. Genus-wide acid tolerance accounts for the biogeographical distribution of soil Burkholderia populations. Environ Microbiol 16: 1503-1512.
Suryanto D, Wibowo RH, Siregar EBM, Munir E. 2012. A possibility of chitinolytic bacteria utilization to control basal stem diseases caused by Ganoderma boninense in oil palm seedling. Afr J Microbiol Res 6: 2053-2059.
Tagele SB, Kim SW, Lee HG, Kim HS, Lee YS. 2018. Effectiveness of multi-trait Burkholderia contaminans KNU17BI1 in growth promotion and management of banded leaf and sheath blight in maize seedling. Microbiol Res 214: 8-18.
Vanlaere E, LiPuma JJ, Baldwin A, Henry D, Brandt ED, Mahenthiralingam E, Speert D, Dowson C, Vandamme P. 2008. Burkholderia latens sp. nov., Burkholderia diffusa sp. nov., Burkholderia arboris sp. nov., Burkholderia seminalis sp. nov., and Burkholderia metallica sp. nov., novel species within the Burkholderia cepacia complex. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58: 1580-1590.
Vanlaere E, Baldwin A, Gevers D, Henry D, Brandt ED, LiPuma JJ, Mahenthiralingam E, Speert DP, Dowson C, Vandamme P. 2009. Taxon K, complex within the Burkholderia cepacia complex, comprises at least two novel species, Burkholderia contaminans sp. nov. and Burkholderia lata sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59: 102-111.
Von-Uexkull HR, Mutert E. 1995. Global extent, development and economic impact of acid soils. Plant Soil 171: 1-15.
Weisburg WG, Barns SM, Pelletier DA, Jane DJ. 1991. 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J Bacteriol 173: 697-703.
Yurnaliza Y, Aryantha INP, Esyanti RR, Susanto A. 2014. Antagonistic activity assessment of fungal endophytes from oil palm tissues against Ganoderma boninense Pat. Plant Pathol J 13 (4): 257-267.
Yurnaliza, Esyanti RR, Susanto A, Aryantha INP. 2017. The chitinase activity of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) roots against fungal endophytes and pathogenic Ganoderma boninense. Plant Omics J 10: 247-251.
Bivi MR, Farhana MSN, Khairulmazmi A, Idris A. 2010. Control of Ganoderma boninense?: a causal agent of basal stem rot disease in oil palm with endophyte bacteria in vitro. Int J Agr Biol 12: 833-839.
Buana RFN, Wahyudi AT, Toruan-Mathius N. 2014. Control activity of potential antifungal-producing Burkholderia sp. in suppressing Ganoderma boninense growth in oil palm. Asian J Agric Res 8: 259-268.
Compant S, Nowak J, Coenye T, Clement C, Barka EA. 2006. Diversity and occurrence of Burkholderia spp. in the natural environment. FEMS Microbiol Rev 32: 607-626.
Corley RHV, Tinker PB. 2016. The Oil Palm. Wiley Blackwell: USA.
Doyle JJ, Doyle JL. 1987. A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochem Bull 19: 11-15.
Ferreira RB, Monteiro S, Freitas R, Santos CN, Chen Z, Batista LM, Duarte J, Borges A, Teixeira AR. 2007. The role of protein defence proteins in fungal pathogenesis. Mol Plant Pathol 8: 677-700.
Flood J, Keenan L, Wayne S, Hasan Y. 2005. Studies on oil palm trunks as sources of infection in the field. Mycopathologia 159: 101-107.
Gillis M, Tran VV, Bardin R, Goor M, Hebbar P, Willems A, Segers P, Kersters K, Heulin T, Fernandez MP. 1995. Polyphasic taxonomy in the genus Burkholderia leading to an amended description of the genus and proposition of Burkholderia vietnamiensis sp. nov. for N2-fixing isolates from rice in Vietnam. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45: 274-289.
Gu G, Wang N, Chaney N, Smith L, Lu SE. 2009a. AmbR1 is a key transcriptional regulator for production of antifungal activity of Burkholderia contaminans strain MS14. FEMS Microbiol Lett 297: 54-60.
Gu G, Smith L, Wang N, Wang H, Lu SE. 2009. Biosynthesis of antifungal oligopeptide in Burkholderia contaminans strain MS14. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 380: 328-332.
Hasegawa M, Kishino H, Yano T. 1985. Dating the human-ape split by a molecular dock of mitochondrial DNA. J Mol Evol 22: 160-174.
Hushiarian R, Yusof NA, Dutse SW. 2013. Detection and control of Ganoderma boninense: strategies and perspectives. SpringerPlus 2: 555.
Irma A, Meryandini A, Rupaedah B. 2018. Biofungicide producing bacteria: an in vitro inhibitor of Ganoderma boninense. Hayati J Bio Sci 25: 151-159.
Kumar S, Stetcher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K. 2018. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 35: 1547-1549.
Kong H, Shimosaka M, Ando Y, Nishiyama K, Fujii T, Miyashita K, 2001. Species-specific distribution of a modular family 19 chitinase gene in Burkholderia gladioli. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 37: 135-141.
Koski LB, Golding GB. 2001. The closest BLAST hit is often not the nearest neighbor. J Mol Evol 52: 540-542.
Latge JP. 2007. The cell wall: a carbohydrate armour of the fungal cell. Mol Microbiol 66: 279-290.
Lu SE, Novak J, Austin FW, Gu G, Ellis D, Kirk M, Stanford SW, Tonelli M, Smith L. 2009. Occidiofungin, a unique antifungal glycopeptide produced by a strain of Burkholderia contaminans. Biochemistry 48: 8312-8321.
Mahenthilaringam E, Baldwin A, Dowson CG. 2008. Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria: opportunistic pathogen with important natural biology. J Appl Microbiol 104: 1539-1551.
Maluin FN, Hussein MZ, Yusof NA, Fakurazi S, Seman IA, Hilmi NHZ, Daim LDJ. 2019. Enhanced fungicidal efficacy on Ganoderma boninense by simultaneous co-delivery of hexaconazole and dazomet from their chitosan nanoparticles. RSC Adv 9: 27083-27095.
Manzila I, Priyatno TP, Fathin MF, Ambarsari L, Suryadi Y, Sanudra IM, Susilowati DN. 2015. Karakterisasi ?-1,3-1,4-glukanase bakteri endofitik Burkholderia cepacia isolat E76 asal tanaman padi. Berita Biologi 14: 143-153.
Maznah Z, Halimah M, Ismail S, Idris AS. 2015. Dissipation of the fungicide hexaconazole in oil palm plantation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22: 19648-19657.
Michalko J, Socha P, Mesrazos P, Blehova A, Libantova J, Moravcikova J, Matusikova I. 2013. Glucan-rich diet is digested and taken up by the carnivorous sundew (Drosera rotundifolia L.): implication for a novel role of plant ?-1,3-glucanases. Planta 238: 715-725.
Mille-Lindblom C, Fischer H, Tranvik LJ. 2006. Antagonism between bacteria and fungi: substrate competition and a possible tradeoff between fungal growth and tolerance towards bacteria. Oikos 113: 233-242.
Muniroh MS, Nusaibah SA, Vadamalai, G, Siddique Y. 2019. Proficiency of biocontrol agents as plant growth promoters and hydrolytic enzyme producers in Ganoderma boninense infected oil palm seedlings. Curr Plant Biol 20: 100116.
Ommelna BG, Jennifer AN, Chong KP. The potential of chitosan in suppressing Ganoderma boninense infection in oil-palm seedlings. J Sustain Sci Manage 7: 186-192.
Paterson RRM, Lima N. 2017. Climate change affecting oil palm agronomy, and oil palm cultivation increasing climate change, require amelioration. Ecol Evol 8: 452-461.
Paterson RRM. 2019. Ganoderma boninense disease of oil palm to significantly reduce production after 2050 in Sumatra if projected climate change occurs. Microorganisms 7: 24.
Ramli NR, Mohamed MS, Seman IA, Zairun MA, Mohamad N. 2016. The potential of endophytic bacteria as a biological control agent for Ganoderma disease in oil palm. Sains Malaysiana 45: 401-409.
Sahebi M, Hanafi MM, Mohidin H, Rafii MY, Azizi P, Idris AS, Fariz A, Abiri R, Taheri S, Moradpoor M. 2018. Antioxidant enzyme activities and secondary metabolite profiling of oil palm seedlings treated with combination of NPK fertilizers infected with Ganoderma boninense. Biomed Res Int 2018: 1494157.
Santos PEDL, Bustillos-Cristales R, Caballero-Mellado J. 2001. Burkholderia, a genus rich in plant-associated nitrogen fixers with wide environmental and geographic distribution. Appl Environ Microbiol 67: 2790-2798.
Smet BD, Mayo M, Peeters C, Zlosnik JEA, Spilker T, Hird TJ, LiPuma JJ, Kidd TJ, Kaestli M, Ginther JL, Wagner DM, Keim P, Bell SC, Jacobs JA, Currie BK, Vandamme P. 2015. Burkholderia stagnalis sp. nov. and Burkholderia territorii sp. nov., two novel Burkholderia cepacia complex species from environmental and human sources. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 65: 2265-2271.
Stopsinek N, Bodenhausen N, Frey B, Fierer N, Eberl L, Weisskopf L. 2014. Genus-wide acid tolerance accounts for the biogeographical distribution of soil Burkholderia populations. Environ Microbiol 16: 1503-1512.
Suryanto D, Wibowo RH, Siregar EBM, Munir E. 2012. A possibility of chitinolytic bacteria utilization to control basal stem diseases caused by Ganoderma boninense in oil palm seedling. Afr J Microbiol Res 6: 2053-2059.
Tagele SB, Kim SW, Lee HG, Kim HS, Lee YS. 2018. Effectiveness of multi-trait Burkholderia contaminans KNU17BI1 in growth promotion and management of banded leaf and sheath blight in maize seedling. Microbiol Res 214: 8-18.
Vanlaere E, LiPuma JJ, Baldwin A, Henry D, Brandt ED, Mahenthiralingam E, Speert D, Dowson C, Vandamme P. 2008. Burkholderia latens sp. nov., Burkholderia diffusa sp. nov., Burkholderia arboris sp. nov., Burkholderia seminalis sp. nov., and Burkholderia metallica sp. nov., novel species within the Burkholderia cepacia complex. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58: 1580-1590.
Vanlaere E, Baldwin A, Gevers D, Henry D, Brandt ED, LiPuma JJ, Mahenthiralingam E, Speert DP, Dowson C, Vandamme P. 2009. Taxon K, complex within the Burkholderia cepacia complex, comprises at least two novel species, Burkholderia contaminans sp. nov. and Burkholderia lata sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59: 102-111.
Von-Uexkull HR, Mutert E. 1995. Global extent, development and economic impact of acid soils. Plant Soil 171: 1-15.
Weisburg WG, Barns SM, Pelletier DA, Jane DJ. 1991. 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J Bacteriol 173: 697-703.
Yurnaliza Y, Aryantha INP, Esyanti RR, Susanto A. 2014. Antagonistic activity assessment of fungal endophytes from oil palm tissues against Ganoderma boninense Pat. Plant Pathol J 13 (4): 257-267.
Yurnaliza, Esyanti RR, Susanto A, Aryantha INP. 2017. The chitinase activity of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) roots against fungal endophytes and pathogenic Ganoderma boninense. Plant Omics J 10: 247-251.
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