Population dynamics of Encrasicholina devisi and Stolephorus insularis (Teleostei: Engraulidae) in Tegal Waters, Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Abstract Views: 246
File Views: 185
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract. Sulistyowati BI, Wijayanto D, Hartoko A, Purnomo PW. 2026. Population dynamics of Encrasicholina devisi and Stolephorus insularis (Teleostei: Engraulidae) in Tegal Waters, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (3): d270319. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270319. Devis anchovy (Encrasicholina devisi) and Hardenberg's anchovy (Stolephorus insularis) are small pelagic fish with strong market demand in Tegal Waters, Indonesia. The study was performed to examine the population dynamics of the anchovies based on data from fish catches from April 2024 to March 2025. A total 9,546 samples (6,294 E. devisi and 3,252 S. insularis) were used in this study. Fish length and total weight were measured to determine growth and exploitation, using von Bertalanffy’s equation for growth parameters and the Beverton and Gulland’s equations for mortality and exploitation rates. The growth analysis indicated maximum lengths (L∞) of 103.81 mm for E. devisi and 49 mm for S. insularis, with growth coefficients (K) of 2.5 and 1.6/year, respectively. Both species were categorized as overexploited. Therefore, catch quotas need to be applied in order to ensure the fish sustainability. The maximum sustainable yields (CMSY) of 485.6739 tons and 85.8343 tons have generated economic values of IDR 5.8 billion (USD 341,417) and IDR 3.7 billion (USD 217,800), respectively. The sustainable management measures include reducing fishing effort by 30-40%, increasing mesh size by 1-2 mm, adopting a 1-2 months restricted season, and reducing total capture to 60-70% of current levels, with a stricter reduction for E. devisi than S. insularis.
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Agger P, Bagge O, Hansen O, Hoffman E, Holden MJ, Kesteven GL, Knudsen H, Raitt DFS, Saville A, Williams T. 1974. Manual of Fisheries Science Part 2-Methods of Resource Investigation and Their Application. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), Quebec.
Amorim P, Sousa P, Jardim E, Azevedo M, Menezes GM. 2020. Length-frequency data approaches to evaluate snapper and grouper fisheries in the Java Sea, Indonesia. Fish Res 229: 105576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105576.
Andr M, Duhamel E, Jardim E, Pawlowski L, Prellezo R, Roel BA. 2023. Lessons learnt on the management of short-lived fish from the Bay of Biscay anchovy case study: Satisfying fishery needs and sustainability under recruitment uncertainty. Mar Policy 150: 105512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105512.
Arefayne KM, Teferi M, Dejene TA, Haileselasie TH. 2025. Reproductive aspects of selected fish species in. Fish Aquat Sci 28 (4): 225-235. https://doi.org/10.47853/FAS.2025.e20.
Arimie CO, Biu EO, Ijomah MA. 2020. Outlier detection and effects on modelling. Open Access Libr J 7: 1-30. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106619.
Azrita A, Syandri H, Aryani N. 2024. Length and weight relationship, condition factor, and morphometric characteristics of eleven freshwater fish species in Koto Panjang Reservoir, Indonesia. Intl J Zool 2024: 9927705. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9927705.
Baihaqi F, Annida SB. 2025. Growth patterns and condition factors of crazy fish (Butis butis Hamilton, 1822) in the Cikaso River, Sukabumi, Indonesia. Egypt J Aquat Biol Fish 29 (3): 753. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2025.428020.
Bang M, Sohn D, Kim JJ, Choi W, Jang CJ, Kim C. 2022. Future changes in the seasonal habitat suitability for anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) in Korean waters projected by a maximum entropy model. Front Mar Sci 9: 922020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.922020.
Beverton RJH, Holt SJ, Holt SJ. 1957. On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. Fish Invest Ser 2 (19): 1-533.
Boëns A, Grellier P, Lebigre C, Petitgas P. 2021. Determinants of growth and selective mortality in anchovy and sardine in the Bay of Biscay. Fish Res 239: 105947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2021.105947.
Boonsuk B, Sumontha M, Sangangam C, Tesasen K. 2010. Stock Assessment of Anchovies (Encrasicholina devisi (Whitley, 1940), E. punctifer Fowler, 1938 and E. heteroloba (Ruppell, 1837)) along the Andaman Sea Coast of Thailand. Tech Pap No. 17/2010. Marine Fisheries Research and Development Bureau, Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok.
Bueno PJ, Petitgas P, Kay S, Huret M. 2020. Integration of bioenergetics in an individual-based model to hindcast anchovy dynamics in the Bay of Biscay. ICES J Mar Sci 77 (2): 655-667. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz239.
Campos CP, Inomata DO, Inomata SO, Bitar S, Freitas CEC. 2024. Natural mortality of fish: A review. Braz J Biol 84: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.288214.
Canales CM, Cubillos LA. 2021. Empirical survey-based harvest control rules in a transboundary small pelagic fishery under recruitment regime shifts: The case of the northern Chilean-southern Peruvian anchovy. Mar Policy 134: 104784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104784.
Canales TM, Lima M, Wiff R, Contreras-Reyes JE, Cifuentes U, Montero J. 2020. Endogenous, climate, and fishing influences on the population dynamics of small pelagic fish in the Southern Humboldt Current Ecosystem. Front Mar Sci 7: 82. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00082.
Caserta V, Punt AE, Arneri E, Berginc T, Kec VC, Costantini I, Felice AD, Donato F, Leonori I, Santojanni A, Angelini S. 2025. Incorporating key environmental drivers in European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) stock assessment model in the Adriatic Sea. ICES J Mar Sci 82: 9. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaf171.
Cerna F, Gómez M, Moyano G, Plaza G, Morales-Nin B. 2022. Spatial and inter-annual changes in the growth patterns of young-of-year anchovy in a high productive ecosystem. Fish Res 249: 106236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106236.
Chechile RA, Barch DH. 2025. Distribution-free Bayesian analyses with the DFBA statistical package. Behav Res Methods 57: 99. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-025-02605-6.
Chen X, Liu Q, Yin F. 2023. Evaluation of Yellow Sea anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) fishery for management strategies using a data-limited management toolkit. Heliyon 9 (7): e18058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18058.
Chu E, Pauly D. 2024. The relationship between mean length at maturity and maximum length in coral reef fish. Fishes 9 (4): 130. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040130.
CMFRI. 2015. CMFRI Annual Report 2014-2015. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin.
Conrad HM, Kindsvater HK. 2024. Modelling potential consequences of climate-driven sex reversal on Southern and Summer. Mar Coast Fish 16: e10289. https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10289.
Crisafulli B, Afrifa-Yamoah E, Mueller U, Ryan K, Fairclough D, Lo J. 2023. Using intervention analysis to evaluate the trends in release rates of recreational fisheries following extensive management changes. Fish Res 267: 106818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106818.
Dalzell PJ, Lweis AD. 2024. The Fisheries Biology and Ecology of the Anchovy Genera Stolephorus and Encrasicholina in the Indo-West Central Pacific Region. [Report]. Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia.
Damora A, Ariyogagautama DWI, Wahju RI, Susanto H, Wang J. 2018. Short communication: Growth and mortality rate of black pomfret Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1795) and silver pomfret Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) in Paloh waters, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19 (6): 2247-2251. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190633.
Daphnee R, Onyeaka H, Nkoutchou H. 2024. Assessing the vulnerability of food supply chains to climate change-induced disruptions. Sci Total Environ 920: 171047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171047.
Denderen PDV, Jacobsen NAKH, Blanchard JL, Novaglio C, Stock CA, Petrik CM. 2024. Estimating fishing exploitation rates to simulate global catches and biomass changes of pelagic and demersal fish. Earths Future 12: e2024EF004604. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EF004604.
Dewantara EC, Fahrudin A, Wahyudin Y. 2020. Bioeconomic analysis of Stolephorus sp. fisheries in the conservation area of Perairan Karang Jeruk, Tegal Regency, Central Java. Econ Soc Fish Mar J 8 (1): 54-67. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ecsofim.2020.008.01.05.
Dias JDO, Amaral RVA, Santanna IA, Campos CP, Sousa RGC. 2022. Reproductive pattern and population dynamics of Anchovia surinamensis in a seasonal floodplain lake of the Amazon basin. Bol Inst Pesca 48: e691. https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305/bip.2022.48.e691.
Durant JM, Holt RE. 2024. Large biomass reduction effect on the relative role of climate, fishing, and recruitment on fish population dynamics. Sci Rep 14: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-59569-4.
Dutta S. 2023. Age and growth study of two fin fish species from a tropical estuary. Reg Stud Mar Sci 62: 102952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.102952.
Eleuterio Y. 2023. Environmental effect on the variability of anchovy (Engraulis ringens) in northern Chile: Autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic approach with exogenonus variable and missing values. Fish Res 260: 106607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106607.
Eviasta IW, Boer M, Butet NA. 2018. The stock assessment of commersons anchovies (Stolephorus commersonnii Lacepede, 1803) in Palabuhanratu Bay, Sukabumi, West Java. J Trop Fish Manag 2 (2): 45-53.
Fabiani G, Chauka LJ, Muhando CA. 2022. Population characteristics of selected small pelagic fish species along the Tanzanian Coast. Tanzan J Sci 48 (3): 585-595. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v48i3.6.
Febrianto T, Ma’mun A, Pratomo A, Kurniawati E, Suhana MP, Apdillah D, Zahid A. 2023. A case study of anchovy diurnal migration patterns in Teluk Bakau, Bintan Regency, Riau Island, Indonesia. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 1289: 012003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1289/1/012003.
Fellatami K, Zhang W, Zhang C, Liu S, Tian Y. 2024. Age and growth of Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus). Fishes 9 (4): 124. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040124.
Finlayson CM, Rastogi G, Mishra DR, Pattnaik AK. 2020. Ecology, conservation, and restoration of Chilika Lagoon, India. In: Finlayson CM (eds). Wetlands Ecology Conservation Management. Springer Nature, Cham.
Fricke R, Golani D, Appelbaum-Golani B. 2012. First record of the Indian Ocean anchovy Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae) in the Mediterranean. BioInvasions Rec 1 (4): 303-306. https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2012.1.4.11.
Gulland JA. 1971. The Fish Resources of the Ocean. FAO, Rome.
Gurukinayan ZA, Djayus Y, Muhtadi A. 2015. Aspects of growth study and exploitation rate anchovy (Stolephorus spp.) in Belawan waters of North Sumatra. Aquacoastmarine 3: 3.
Hartoko A. 2023. Processing of Seawater Temperature and Chlorophyll Data from Triton Buoy, Argo Float, and MODIS Aqua-Terra Satellite Imagery. UNDIP Press, Semarang.
Hata H, Lavoué S, Motomura H. 2022. Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae). ZooKeys 1121: 145-173. https://doi.org/10.3897/ZOOKEYS.1121.84171.
Heikkilä SU. 2020. Implications of size-selective fisheries on sexual selection. Evol Appl 13 (6): 1487-1500. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12988.
Hendrayana H, Wulan AC, Winanto T. 2023. Growth patterns of Stolephorus sp. at Tegal waters in the transitional season II. Maiyah 2 (1): 33. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.maiyah.2023.2.1.8311.
Honeycutt JL, Deck CA, Miller SC, Severance ME, Atkins EB, Luckenba JA. 2019. Warmer waters masculinize wild populations of a fish with temperature-dependent sex determination. Sci Rep 9: 6527. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-42944-x.
Houde ED, Able KW, Strydom NA, Wolanski E, Arula T. 2022. Reproduction, ontogeny and recruitment. In: Whitfield AK, Able KW, Blaber SJM, Elliott M (eds). Fish and Fisheries in Estuaries. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., United States.
Id NMB, Klibansky N, Bubley WJ, Smart TI. 2023. Low recruitment drives the decline of red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) along the southeast USA Atlantic coast: Inferences from fishery-independent trap and video monitoring. PLoS One 18: e0286078. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286078.
Juliani, Anggoro S, Saputra SW, Helminuddin. 2019. Sustainability assessment of devis’ anchovy (Encrasicholina devisi (Whitley, 1940)) (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae) fisheries based on biology aspects, Kutai Kartanegara, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux 12 (5): 1938-1950.
Kamal MS, Teixeira CM. 2023. Diagnosis and management of small-scale and data-limited fisheries. Fishes 8 (1): 39. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010039.
Kamukuru AT, Mahongo SB, Sekadende BC, Sululu JS. 2020. Productivity in the East African Coastal Current under climate change. WIO J Mar Sci 1 (9): 95-104. https://doi.org/10.4314/wiojms.si2020.1.9.
Kelly O, Moor CLD, Cochrane K. 2024. Linking the movement of South African sardine and anchovy to environmental variables using a model of intermediate complexity. Fish Res 275: 107001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107001.
Kindong R, Han D, Achille N, Sarr O. 2024. European anchovy’s abundance, more affected by climatic conditions than fishing activities in the northwest African waters. Mar Pollut Bull 209: 117226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117226.
Koepper S, Revie CW, Stryhn H, Clark KF, Thakur KK. 2021. Spatial and temporal patterns in the sex ratio of American lobsters (Homarus americanus) in southwestern Nova Scotia. Sci Rep 11: 24100. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-03233-8.
Koniyo Y, Juliana. 2018. Short communication: Introduction of study domestication of manggabai fish (Glossogobius giuris) in different environment. Biodiversitas 19 (1): 260-264. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190135.
Kroetz K, Sanchirico JN, Galarza CE, Corderi ND, Collado N, Swiedler EW. 2019. Examination of the Peruvian anchovy individual vessel quota (IVQ) system. Mar Policy 101: 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.11.008.
Kurnia R, Burton J. 2025. Comparative life history and dynamics analysis of shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma Bleeker, 1851) in the Java Sea for sustainable fisheries management. AACL Bioflux 18 (5): 2015-2029.
Kusumawardhani HA, Susilowati I, Hadiyanto. 2022. The prospective path of small-scale fishermen: From vulnerable to viable condition (a study in Tegal Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia). AACL Bioflux 15 (2): 963-977.
Kutsyn D. 2025. Ecological patterns of variability in the life history of the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus). J Fish Biol 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70314.
Lahellec G, Daurès F, Abienne, Lehuta S. 2024. Revealing the adaptation strategies of pelagic fleets in the Bay of Biscay by combining fishery data and fishers’ knowledge. ICES J Mar Sci 82 (2): 171-187. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae171.
Lamarins A, Carlson SM, Prévost E, Satterthwaite WH, Buoro M. 2024. Eco-evolutionary consequences of selective exploitation on metapopulations illustrated with Atlantic salmon. Fish Fish 26: 291-305. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12881.
Liang C, Xian W, Pauly D, Cope JM. 2020. Assessments of 15 exploited fish stocks in Chinese, South Korean and Japanese waters using the CMSY and BSM methods. Front Mar Sci 7: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00623.
Lin C, Lin T, Nazir A, Wang Y, Wang P, Iizuka Y, Li K, Chung M, Shiao J. 2025. Evidence of lower age, fast growth, and shrinking habitat in critically endangered croaker fish, Larimichthys crocea. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 313: 109095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109095.
Link JS, Watson RA. 2019. Global ecosystem overfishing: Clear delineation within real limits to production. Sci Adv 1: aav0474. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav0474.
Liu Y, Zhang C, Yupeng J, Xu B, Xue Y, Ren Y. 2024. Bridging proxy reference points to sustainable yields to support data-limited fisheries. Fish Res 271: 106903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106903.
Lumban GJ, Kurniawan F, Cheung WWL, Reygondeau G, Teh L, Asri NP, Suhita R. 2025. Juvenile fish composition and their growth aspects on the east coast of Banyuwangi, Bali Strait. Hayati J Biosci 32 (5): 1185-1198. https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.32.5.1185.
Mallegowda RK, Rajesh M, Rohit P. 2021. Length-weight relationships of ten small pelagic fishes along the coastal waters of Karnataka, Southeastern Arabian Sea, India. Egypt J Aquat Biol Fish 25 (3): 1045-1057. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2021.187989.
Manuel A. 2025. Growth Patterns and Condition Factors of Anchovy (Stolephorus insularis) in Purse Seine Fishing Operations in Lempasing Waters, Lampung Province. [Undergraduate Thesis]. Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang. [Indonesian]
Medeiros W, Régis L, Ualerson S, Casal M, Ana R, Pabon N, Sigler MF. 2023. Performance of length-based assessment in predicting small-scale multispecies fishery sustainability. Rev Fish Biol Fish 33: 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-023-09764-9.
Micheli F, Sáenz-Arroyo A, Aalto E, Beas-Luna R, Boch CA, Cárdenas JC, De Leo GA, Díaz E, Espinoza-Montes A, Finkbeiner E, Freiwald J, Fulton S, Hernández A, Lejbowicz A, Low NHN, Martínez R, McCay B, Monismith S, Precoma-de la Mora M, Woodson CB. 2024. Social-ecological vulnerability to environmental extremes and adaptation pathways in small-scale fisheries of the southern California Current. Front Mar Sci 11: 1322108. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1322108.
Moiron M, Laskowski KL, Niemelä PT. 2020. Individual differences in behaviour explain variation in survival: A meta-analysis. Ecol Lett 23 (2): 399-408. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13438.
Morandini V, Dugger KM, Schmidt AE, Varsani A, Lescroël A, Ballard G, Lyver PO, Barton K, Ainley DG. 2024. Sex-specific recruitment rates contribute to male-biased sex ratio in Adélie penguins.pdf. Ecol Evol 14: e10859. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10859.
Mramba RP, Mkude KE. 2022. Determinants of fish catch and post-harvest fish spoilage in small-scale marine fisheries in the Bagamoyo district, Tanzania. Heliyon 8: e09574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09574.
Mulya MB, Jhon AH, Harahap ZA. 2021. Population dynamics of anchovy pekto (Stolephorus waitei) in the waters of Malacca Strait, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22 (7): 2693-2698. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220718.
Musel J, Anuar A, Hassan MH, Mustafa WZW, Paul PS, Sahidun I, Chiba SUA. 2022. Population dynamics and the spawning season of the commercial dominant species (Encrasicholina devisi and Sardinella fimbriata) from the northern region of Sarawak. AACL Bioflux 15 (3): 1162-1177. https://doi.org/10.5555/20220265911.
Musel J, Anuar A, Hassan MH, Mustafa WZW, Paul PS, Sahidun I, Uncha S, Chiba A. 2022. Population dynamics and the spawning season of the commercial dominant species (Encrasicholina devisi and Sardinella fimbriata) from the northern region of Sarawak. AACL Bioflux 15 (3): 1162-1177.
Nugroho D, Patria MP, Supriatna J, Adrianto L. 2016. Biological characteristics on three demersal fish landed in Tegal, north coast of Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17 (2): 679-686. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d170242.
Ofelio C, Moyano M, Sswat M, Rioual F, Moullec F, Velarde AA, Peck MA. 2023. Temperature and prey density drive growth and otolith formation of the world’s most valuable fish stock. Sci Rep 13: 16001. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43168-w.
Ojo A, Akingbola O, Gbadamosi M, Samuel O, Olabamiji I, Aboderin E, Mustapha A. 2025. Assessment of sustainable fishing practices in artisanal fisheries in Nigeria. Preprints 1: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202501.1393.v1.
Otero J. 2023. Life history traits and environment shape small pelagic fish demography and responses to fishing and climate across European Atlantic seas. ICES J Mar Sci 80: 1447-1461. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsad072.
Owusu V. 2024. Effects of the closed fishing season on small-scale fisheries and coastal livelihoods in Ghana. Fish Aquat Sci 27 (11): 753-768. https://doi.org/10.47853/FAS.2024.e70.
Ozturk E, Basol M, Goksuluk D, Karahan S. 2023. Performance comparison of independence tests in two-way contingency table. Revstat Stat J 2: 219-233. https://doi.org/10.57805/revstat.v21i2.403.
Parker D. 2025. Towards implementing multispecies harvest strategies that are robust to interacting populations. Fish Fish 26: 923-941. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.70009.
Pauly D. 1980. On the interrelationships between natural mortality, growth parameters, and mean environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks. ICES J Mar Sci 39 (2): 175-192. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/39.2.175.
Pauly D, Soriano ML. 1986. Some practical extensions to Beverton and Holt’s relative yield-per-recruit model. In: Maclean JL, Dizon LB, Hosillos LV (eds). The First Asian Fisheries Forum. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila.
Pawełek B, Kwolek D, Góralski G. 2025. Sex ratios in flux: Seasonal dynamics and methodological insights in Rumex species. PeerJ 13: 20391. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20391.
Peatman T, Vincent MT, Scutt J, Nicol S. 2022. Times are changing, but has natural mortality? Estimation of mortality rates for tropical tunas in the western and central Pacific Ocean. Fish Res 256: 106463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2022.106463.
Pham C, Wang H, Chen S. 2023. The threshold effect of overfishing on global fishery outputs: International evidence from a sustainable fishery perspective. Fishes 8: 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes802007.
Piepho H, Gabriel D, Hartung J, Büchse A, Grosse M, Kurz S, Laidig F, Michel V, Proctor I. 2022. One, two, three: Portable sample size in agricultural research. J Agric Sci 160: 459-482. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859622000466.
Pyae Z, Sann B, Mackay KT, Thu K. 2025. Size-disaggregated landings of Pama croaker (Otolithoides pama) at a fish collection station in the Gulf of Mottama, Myanmar: An eight-year analysis. J Sea Res 207: 102610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2025.102610.
Quezada FJ, Desiree E, Isaac T, Pierre CK, Hernvann Y, Frawley TH, García D, Ibaibarriaga L, Sánchez S, Carryn M, Beckensteiner J, Schueller AM, Feijó D, Ciorciaro D, Kurota H, Oliveros R, Robert R, Ray PW, Laura M, Jacobsen NS. 2025. Socio-economic impacts and responses of the fishing industry and fishery managers to changes in small pelagic fish distribution and abundance. Rev Fish Biol Fish 35: 1063-1093. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-025-09949-4.
Ridwan M, Muhiddin AH, Zainuddin M. 2024. Estimating seasonal patterns of fishing for anchovies (Stolephorus sp.) landed at PPI Paotere, Makassar, South Sulawesi: An approach to fishing business efficiency. Spermonde 10 (2): 35-39. https://doi.org/10.20956/jiks.v10i2.30499.
Riede K. 2004. Global Register of Migratory Species-from Global to Regional Scales. [Report] Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany.
Rifai R. 2025. A regulated fishing policy to support food security in the marine and fisheries sector. Napbres 2 (1): 35-52. https://doi.org/10.61511/napbres.v2i1.2025.1791.
Rinandha AA, Omar SB, Tresnati J, Yanuarita D, Umar MT. 2021. Sex ratio and first maturity size of matano ricefish (Oryzias matanensis Aurich, 1935) at Lake Towuti, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 486: 012021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/486/1/012021.
Robert D, Shoji J, Sirois P, Takasuka A, Catalán IA, Folkvord A, Ludsin SA, Peck MA, Sponaugle S, Ayón PM, Brodeur RD, Campbell EY, D’Alessandro EK, Dower JF, Fortier L, García AG, Huebert KB, Hufnagl M, Ito S, Pepin P. 2023. Life in the fast lane: Revisiting the fast growth-high survival paradigm during the early life stages of fishes. Fish Fish 24 (5): 863-888. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12774.
Roberts CG, Britton JR. 2020. Spawning strategies in cypriniform fishes in a lowland river invaded by non-indigenous European barbel Barbus barbus. Hydrobiologia 847: 4031-4047. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04394-9.
Roul S, Akhil AR, Retheesh TK, Abdussamad E, Rohit P. 2020. Length-weight relationships of fifty fish species from Indian waters. Thalassas 36: 309-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-020-00223-x.
Roy T, Arlinghaus R. 2022. Size-selective mortality fosters ontogenetic changes in collective risk-taking behaviour in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Oecologia 200: 89-106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-022-05256-y.
Salazar EQ, Sánchez J, Perea Á. 2025. Classification models based on the gonadosomatic index to determine gonadal maturity stages: A case study in the Peruvian anchovy Engraulis ringens. Sci Mar 89 (4): e117. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05636.117.
Sande H, Prista N, Groote ADe, Casini M, Sundelöf A, Jones C. 2022. Frameless-finding and refining a sampling frame for surveying recreational fisheries: Lessons from estimating Swedish harvest of western Baltic cod. ICES J Mar Sci 79: 1217-1231. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsac044.
Sanjeev C, Dash K, Kumar A, Dehuri S, Ghosh A. 2023. An outliers detection and elimination framework in classification task of data mining. Decis Anal J 6: 100164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dajour.2023.100164.
Schismenou E, Somarakis S, Chatzifotis S, Tsiaras K. 2024. Anchovy and sardine condition and energy content in the North Aegean Sea (eastern Mediterranean) in relation to their contrasting reproductive strategies. J Fish Biol 105: 1178-1188. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15872.
Sena GA. 2007. Estimation of Population Dynamics Parameters of Black Anchovies Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 Caught in the Waters of Barru Regency, Makassar Strait. [Undergraduate Thesis]. Universitas Hasanudin, Makassar. [Indonesian]
Smallegange IM, Lucas S. 2023. DEBBIES to compare life history strategies across ectotherms. bioRxiv 1: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.08.22.554265.
Smith JA, Pozo M, Muhling B, Tommasi D, Brodie S, Frawley TH, Fiechter J, Koenigstein S, Himes-Cornell A, Alexander MA, Bograd SJ, Cordero N, Crowder LB, Curchitser E, Green SJ, Hardy NA, Haynie AC, Hazen EL, Holsman K, Jacox MG. 2023. Projecting climate change impacts from physics to fisheries: A view from three California Current fisheries. Prog Oceanogr 211: 102973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.102973.
Sparre P, Venema SC. 1999. Introduction to Tropical Fish Stock Assessment. [Report]. FAO, Rome, Italy.
Sulistyowati BI, Wullandari U. 2022. Composition of gillnet fishing vessel catches at the Karangsong Fish Landing Base, Indramayu Regency (case study: KM Andora B). Aurelia J 4 (1): 115. https://doi.org/10.15578/aj.v4i1.11530.
Sultana T, Kanti S, Kubra J, Nishad N, Mohammad S, Khalil I, Kumar S, Rahman A, Hasan T. 2023. A multidisciplinary method to assess the reproductive biology of Mystus bleekeri. Aquac Fish 8 (3): 280-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaf.2021.12.017.
Sululu JS, Kamukuru AT, Sekadende BC, Mahongo SB, Igulu MM. 2020. Reproductive biology of the anchovy (Stolephorus commersonnii, Lacepède, 1803) and spotted sardine (Amblygaster sirm, Walbaum, 1792) from Tanga Region, Tanzania. WIO J Mar Sci 1: 81-94. https://doi.org/10.4314/wiojms.si2020.1.8.
Sululu JS, Lugendo BR, Tuda P, Benno BL. 2024. Length-based stock assessment of the mackerel scad Decapterus macarellus. Aquac Fish Fish 5: e70039. https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70039.
Supeni EA, Dobo J. 2017. Exploitation status of Devis’ anchovy in Kei Island waters: Based on total length data. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 89 (1): 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/89/1/012004.
Sutono D, Susanto A. 2016. Anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) utilization at coastal waters of Tegal. J Fish Mar Aff 6 (2): 104-115. https://doi.org/10.33512/jpk.v6i2.1104.
Taboada FG, Chust G, Santos M, Aldanondo N, Fontán A, Cotano U, Álvarez P, Xabier ME, José I, Boyra G, Uriarte A, Ibaibarriaga L. 2023. Shrinking body size of European anchovy in the Bay of Biscay. Glob Change Biol 30: e17047. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17047.
Taylan B, Bayhan B. 2024. Reproductive biology of the European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Turkish Aegean Sea. Oceanol Hydrobiol Stud 53: 7-15. https://doi.org/10.26881/oahs-2024.1.02.
Uriarte A, Ibarriaga L, Sánchez-Marono S, Abaunza P, Andrés M, Duhamel E, Jardim E, Pawlowski L, Prellezo R, Roel BA. 2023. Lessons learn on the management of short-lived fish from the Bay of Biscay anchovy case study: Satisfying fishery needs and sustainability under recruitment uncertainty. Mar Policy 150: 105512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105512.
Uusi-Heikkilä S. 2020. Implications of size-selective fisheries on sexual selection. Evol Appl 13: 1487-1500. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12988.
Véron M, Duhamel E, Bertignac M, Pawlowski L, Huret M. 2020. Determinism of temporal variability in size at maturation of sardine Sardina pilchardus in the Bay of Biscay. Front Mar Sci 7: 567841. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.567841.
Vilas D, Barnett LAK, Punt AE, Oy S, Siple MC, Zacher LS, Kotwicki S, Defilippo LB. 2024. Optimized stratified random surveys best estimate multispecies abundance in a rapidly changing ecosystem. ICES J Mar Sci 82 (6): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae158.
Visser SF, Musker SD, Cramer MD. 2025. Diverging sex ratios in dioecious Proteaceae are exacerbated by anthropogenic disruptions to the fire cycle. Ann Bot Dec 9: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf312.
Wade KJ, Shertzer KW, Craig JK, Williams EH. 2023. Correlations in recruitment patterns of Atlantic reef fishes off the southeastern United States based on multi-decadal estimates from stock assessments. Reg Stud Mar Sci 57: 102736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2022.102736.
Wagiyo K, Kembaren D, Noegroho T, Nugraha B, Hufiadi, Chodriyah U, Prihatiningsih. 2023. Life history (length-weight relationship, conditional factors, reproductive aspects), stomach contents and nursery ground of stingray in the Arafura Sea. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 1163: 012009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1163/1/012009.
Wang HY, Shen SF, Chen YS, Kiang YK, Heino M. 2020. Life histories determine divergent population trends for fishes under climate warming. Nat Commun 11: 4088. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17937-4.
Wang L, Zhang Z. 2025. Application of an age-structured model to anchovy population in the Yellow Sea: Effects of fishing moratorium and selective fishing. Ecol Model 506: 111138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2025.111138.
Whitehead PJP, Nelson GJ, Wongratana T. 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol 7. Clupeoid Fishes of the World (Engraulidae). FAO, Rome, Italy.
Wijayanto D, Bambang AN, Nugroho RA, Kurohman F, Nursanto DB. 2022. The effect of feeding rate on growth and BC ratio of Asian seabass reared in artificial low salinity water. AACL Bioflux 15 (1): 188-194.
Wijayanto D, Kurohman F, Setyawan HA, Dewi DE, Wahyuningsih SM, Wijayanti SO. 2025. Status of utilization level of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in Kebumen waters. AACL Bioflux 18 (3): 1183-1190.
Wijayanto D, Kurohman F, Wibowo BA, Dewi DANN, Aprijanto, Irfani M, Santosa MA. 2025. The exploitation status of white-streaked grouper (Epinephelus ongus) in Karimunjawa waters. AACL Bioflux 18 (2): 744-752.
Wootton HF, Audzijonyte A, Morrongiello J. 2021. Multigenerational exposure to warming and fishing causes recruitment collapse, but size diversity and periodic cooling can aid recovery. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 118: e2100300118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100300118.
Yan HF, Kyne PM, Jabado RW, Leeney RH, Davidson LNK, Derrick DH, Finucci B, Freckleton RP, Fordham SV, Dulvy NK. 2021. Overfishing and habitat loss drives range contraction of iconic marine fishes to near extinction. Sci Adv 7: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb6026.
Yasue N, Yanagimoto T, Noguchi D, Takasuka A. 2024. Morphological differences yet genetic similarity among seasonal cohorts of Japanese anchovy during the early life stages in the Kii Channel. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 104: e93. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315424000900.
Yoneda M, Katayama S, Yamamoto M, Kono N, Tsuzaki T, Tanaka H. 2025. Size-dependent resource allocation to reproduction in Japanese anchovies (Engraulis japonicus). Sci Rep 15: 15057. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99911-y.
Yusfiandayani R, Baskoro MS, Raihan MR. 2024. The effect of innovation portable FADs on purse seine operations in Tegal Regency waters. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 1359: 012011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1359/1/012011.
Yusnaini Y, Sara L, Nur I, Budiyanto B, Nerliano R, Pamaruddin P. 2025. A comparative study on the relative growth of spiny lobster (Panulirus sp.) in the Sea of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Fish Aquat Sci 28 (8): 515-524. https://doi.org/10.47853/FAS.2025.E43.
Yusuf HN, Baihaqi, Hufiadi, Chodrijah U, Andina, Pane RP, Mahiswara TN. 2023. Fisheries characteristics and biology of Indo-Pacific king mackerel in Tarakan waters, North Kalimantan. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 1250: 012001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1250/1/012001.
Zamroni A, Widiyastuti H, Suwarso. 2020. Characteristics of anchovy fisheries (Engraulidae) in the north coast of Java-Madura. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 26: 135-146. https://doi.org/10.15578/jppi.26.3.2020.135-146. [Indonesian]
Zhang G, Xue Y, Zhang C, Xu B, Cheng Y. 2020. Comparison of sampling effort allocation strategies in a stratified random survey with multiple objectives. Aquac Fish 5: 113-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaf.2020.02.002.
Zhang K, Su L, Chen Z, Qiu Y. 2025. An extensive assessment of exploitation indicators for multispecies fisheries in the South China Sea to inform more practical and precise management in China. Ecol Indic 173: 113363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113363.