Insect pollinators of oil palm plantations in South Sumatra, Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Abstract Views: 1097
File Views: 375
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract. Herlinda S, Sari JMP, Lau WH, Anggraini E, Irsan C, Rindiani DE, Nelly N, Lisnawati, Suharjo R. 2025. Insect pollinators of oil palm plantations in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 5595-5611. Information on insect pollinator species of oil palm is crucial for management strategies that support sustainable production. This study aimed to identify pollinator insect species found in South Sumatra, Indonesia, and analyze their species diversity and abundance. Pollinators were sampled from male and female inflorescences at four time intervals (08:00-09:59 a.m., 10:00-11:59 a.m., 02:00-03:59 p.m., and 04:00-05:59 p.m.) using anthesis-based collection methods. The result showed that Elaeidobius kamerunicus and Elaeidobius spp. were the most common insect pollinators in oil palm production areas, occurring from lowland to midland regions. These species were present on both male and female inflorescences but were more abundant on male inflorescences, with peak activity recorded between 8:00 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. Apis mellifera and A. dorsata were also observed on both male and female inflorescences, though their activity was generally limited to the morning and midday periods. All species (E. kamerunicus, Elaeidobius spp., A. mellifera, and A. dorsata) are potential pollinators, as their visitation of both male and female inflorescences facilitates pollen transfer to the female flowers. Considering the continuous activity of E. kamerunicus and Elaeidobius spp. throughout the day, the use of contact insecticides in oil palm plantations should be avoided to reduce adverse impacts on pollinator populations. These findings provide baseline data for designing pollinator-friendly management practices in Indonesia's oil palm sector.
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Aisagbonhi CI, Kamarudin N, Okwuagwu CO, Wahid MB, Jackson T, Adaigbe V. 2004. Preliminary observations on a field population of the oil palm-pollinating weevil Elaeidobius kamerunicus in Benin City, Nigeria. Intl J Trop Insect Sci 24: 255-259. DOI: 10.1079/IJT200431.
Amanina S, Maryana N, Winasa IW. 2025. Refugia flowers enhance insect pollinator and quality of fruit production in strawberry farming. Biodiversitas 26: 1310-1316. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260330.
Anggraeni T, Rahayu S, Ahmad I, Esyanti RR, Putra RE. 2013. Resources partitioning and different foraging behavior is the basis for the coexistence of Thrips hawaiiensis (Thysanoptera: Tripidae) and Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) flower. J Entomol Nematol 5: 59-63. DOI: 10.5897/JEN12.008.
Anggraini E, Setiawati T, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Mulawarman, Gofar N, Muslim A, Lau WH. 2025. Identification of the nettle caterpillar in smallholding oil palm plantation cultivated on peatland in Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26 (1): 36-44. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260104.
Anggraini E, Sinaga TM, Irsan C, Herlinda S, Muslim A, Hamidson H, Sefrila M, Kurnianingsih A, Aryani D, Antoni M, Ikhsan Z. 2024. Insects found in different ages of coconut viridis variety in Sri Tiga Village, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25 (8): 2637-2647. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250836.
Auffray T, Frérot B, Poveda R, Louise C, Beaudoin-Ollivier L. 2017. Diel patterns of activity for insect pollinators of two oil palm species (Arecales?: Arecaceae). J Insect Sci 17: 4-9. DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iex018.
Brandt K, Glemnitz M, Schröder B. 2017. The impact of crop parameters and surrounding habitats on different pollinator group abundance in agricultural fields. Agric Ecosyst Environ 243: 55-66. DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2017.03.009.
Darras KF, Corre MD, Formaglio G, Tjoa A, Potapov A, Brambach F, Sibhatu KT, Grass I, Rubiano AA, Buchori D, Drescher J. 2019. Reducing fertilizer and avoiding herbicides in oil palm plantations—ecological and economic valuations. Front For Glob Change 2: 1-15. DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2019.00065.
Daud SNSM, Ghani IA. 2016. Population density of oil palm pollinator weevil Elaeidobius kamerunicus based on seasonal effect and age of oil palm. In AIP Conf Proc 1784 (1): 060051. DOI: 10.1063/1.4966889.
Engel MS, Kahono S, Peggie D, Museum NH, Biology E. 2018. A key to the genera and subgenera of stingless bees in Indonesia (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Treubia 45: 65-84. DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2019.00065.
Fahmi-Halil M, Haris-Hussain M, Mirad R, Ab I, Jalinas J. 2021. Responses of oil palm pollinator, Elaeidobius kamerunicus, to different concentrations of estragoles. BioRxiv 2021-03. DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.24.436726.
Gintoron CS, Mohammed MA, Sazali SN, Deka EQ, Ong KH, Shamsi IH, King PJ. 2023. Factors affecting pollination and pollinators in oil palm plantations: A review with an emphasis on the Elaeidobius kamerunicus Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Insects 14: 1-21. DOI: 10.3390/insects14050454.
Haran JM, Beaudoin-Ollivier L, Benoit L, Kuschel G. 2020. Revision of the palm-pollinating weevil genus Elaeidobius Kuschel, 1952 (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Derelomini) with descriptions of two new species. Eur J Taxon 2020: 1-32. DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.684.
Koua H, Tuo Y, Akpesse AA, Koua HK, Tano Y. 2012. Entomofauna of oil palm tree inflorescences at La Mé Experimental Station (Côte d’Ivoire). Am J Exp Agric 2 (3): 306-319. DOI: 10.9734/AJEA/2012/1128.
Li K, Tscharntke T, Saintes B, Buchori D, Grass I. 2019. Critical factors limiting pollination success in oil palm: A systematic review. Agric Ecosyst Environ 280: 152-160. DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2019.05.001.
Magurran AE. 2004. Measuring Biological Diversity. Blackwell Science Ltd., USA.
Ming SC, Hung KJ, Huat OK. 2022. The effect of insecticides on pollinating weevils, Elaeidobius kamerunicus, on flower visitation and newly-developed weevils. Serangga 27: 13-26. DOI: 10.5555/20220389994.
Nelly N, Hamid H, Yunisman Y, Pratama AS, Nawir W. 2020. The diversity of insects in West Sumatera’s local rice by planting refugia as an effort to conserve natural enemies. In IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci 497 (1): 012032. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/497/1/012032.
Norhayu A, Nurnisa NM. 2015. Effect of six insecticides on oil palm pollinating weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Serangga 25: 1-9. DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjar/2021/34.2.479.485.
Permana AD, Permana B, Sahari B, Putra RE, Kinasih I. 2017. Estimating the number of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) pollen grains grains using using image analysis and processing. J Oil Palm Res 29: 311-317. DOI: 10.21894/jopr.2017.2903.02.
Permana, Dana, Putra E, Leksono S. 2021. Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea): Activity on oil palm flower in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Pak J Biol Sci 24 (11): 1209-1216. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.1209.1216.
Popkin M, Harianja MF, Luke SH, Setyawan YP, Naim M, Caliman JP, Turner EC. 2024. Trialling floral-baited traps to survey flower-visiting insects in tropical crops: Findings from an oil palm case study. Entomol Exp Appl 173: 140-155. DOI: 10.1111/eea.13525.
Power CC, Nielsen A, Sheil D. 2022. Even small forest patches increase bee visits to flowers in an oil palm plantation landscape. Biotropica 54: 18-30. DOI: 10.1111/btp.13023.
Prasetyo AE, Martono E, Trisyono A, Soffan A. 2023. RNA-seq data of Elaeidobius kamerunicus from North Sumatera and Central Kalimantan in Indonesia. Data Brief 51: 1-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109816.
Raffiudin R, Dyahastuti M, Nugraha R, Sayusti T, Djuita NR, Suwananda E, Allvioningrum V, Mardhony R, Biagioni S, Setyaningsih CA, Prasetyo LB. 2024. The effect of land cover on the foraging behavior and pollen in the honey of the giant bee Apis dorsata in Sumatra. Front Bee Sci 2 (2024): 1-11. DOI: 10.3389/frbee.2024.1366287.
Ramadani RF, Raffiudin R, Ariyanti NS, Biagioni S, Treanore E, Behling H. 2021. Stingless bee foraging behavior and pollen resource use in oil palm and rubber plantations in Sumatra. J Entomol Indones 18: 81-92. DOI: 10.5994/jei.18.2.81.
Rizali A, Rahardjo BT, Karindah S, Wahyuningtyas FR, Sahari B, Clough Y. 2019. Communities of oil palm flower-visiting insects: Investigating the covariation of Elaeidobius kamerunicus and other dominant species. PeerJ 7: e7464. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7464.
Rodzik FFM, Sudirman NA, Teh CK, Ong AL, Heng HY, Yaakop S, Mohd-Assaad N, Ong-Abdullah M, Ata N, Amit S, Saragih B. 2023. Development of nuclear DNA markers for applications in genetic diversity study of oil palm-pollinating weevil populations. Insects 14 (2): 157. DOI: 10.3390/insects14020157.
Rozziansha TAP, Fitraini AA, Girsang RJ, Priwiratama H, Prasetyo AE. 2023. Biology of Elaeidobius kamerunicus in the lowland and highland on North Sumatra, Indonesia. IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci 1133 (1): 012055. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1133/1/012055.
Santi IS, Wirianata H. 2024. Flower-visiting insects of oil palm in Central Java, Indonesia. IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci 1417 (1): 012032. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1417/1/012032.
Saravanan L, Suchitra V, Phanikumar T. 2024. Pollination activity of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust in oil palm and cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.) Intercropping System In India. J Oil Palm Res 36: 409-419. DOI: 10.21894/jopr.2023.0035.
Siregar EH, Atmowidi T, Kahono S. 2016. Diversity and abundance of insect pollinators in different agricultural lands in Jambi, Sumatera. HAYATI J Biosci 23: 13-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.hjb.2015.11.002.
Swaray S, Amiruddin MD, Rafii MY, Jamian S, Ismail MF, Jalloh M, Eswa M, Marjuni M, Akos IS, Yusuff O. 2021. Oil palm inflorescence sex ratio and fruit set assessment in dura×pisifera biparental progenies on fibric peat soil. Agronomy 11: 1-23. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy11071380.
Swaray S, Koroma SA, Sesay M, Musa AJ, Kenema H, Road SL. 2025. Role of Elaeidobius kamerunicus as an economic arthropod pollinator in oil palm cultivation: A review. IJFSCFRT 23: 1-18.
Williamson J, Slade EM, Luke SH, Swinfield T, Chung AY, Coomes DA, Heroin H, Jucker T, Lewis O, Vairappan CS, Rossiter SJ. 2021. Riparian buffers act as microclimatic refugia in oil palm landscapes. J Appl Ecol 58: 431-442. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13784.