Short Communication: Allometric model to estimate bifoliate leaf area and weight of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix)
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Abstract. Budiarto R, Poerwanto R, Santosa E, Efendi D, Agusta A. 2021. Short Communication: Allometric model to estimate bifoliate leaf area and weight of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix). Biodiversitas 22: 2815-2820. Leaf is an economically important plant organ harvested from kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) for flavor and fragrance. This study aimed to formulate and validate regression models to estimate the leaf area (LA) and leaf weight (LW) of bifoliate kaffir lime leaf. There were 220 bifoliate leaves collected from 22 individual plants planted on Bogor. Bifoliate C. hystrix leaf consisted of upper main leaflets and winged petiole as lower secondary leaflet. All leaves were pooled and then grouped randomly into two subgroups for model formulation and validation, respectively. Linear, zero intercepts linear, exponential, logarithmic, polynomial, zero intercept polynomial and power regressions were used to properly estimate LA and LW. There was 63 formula obtained from nine predictors following seven regression models. Selected nine formulas with the highest R2 plus a stepwise formula were further tested for validation. Stepwise always showed the highest R2 followed by total of leaf ,length (TL) both on LA and LW estimation. However, the stepwise seemed to be more complicated and time wasted than TL regression model. Thus, our recommendation models for non-destructive and simple estimation in C. hystrix bifoliate leaf were LA = 0.1997 (TL)2 + 0.4571 (TL) and LW = 0.0067 (TL)2 + 0.0065 (TL), respectively.
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References
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Vanoli M, Grassi M, Spinelli L, Torricelli A, Rizzolo A. 2018. Quality and nutraceutical properties of mango fruit: influence of cultivar and biological age assessed by time?resolved reflectance spectroscopy. Adv Hort Sci 32: 407–420.
Wirabuana PYAP, Setiahadi R, Sadono R, Lukito M, Martono DS, Matatula J. 2020. Allometric equations for estimating biomass of community forest tree species in Madiun, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21(9): 4291-4300. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210947
Wongpornchai S. 2012. Kaffir lime leaf. In: Peter KV, ed. Handbook of herbs and spices second edition. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge.
Arji I. 2018. Stability analysis of fruit yield of some olive cultivars in semi-arid environmental condition. Adv Hort Sci 32: 517–524.
Budiarto R, Poerwanto R, Santosa E, Efendi D, Agusta A. 2019a. Preliminary studies on production, post harvest and marketing of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC) in Tulungagung. J Trop Crop Sci 6: 138-143.
Budiarto R, Poerwanto R, Santosa E, Efendi D. 2021. Morphological evaluation and determination keys of 21 citrus genotypes at seedling stage. Biodiversitas 22(3): 1570-1579. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220364
Cristofori V, Fallovo S, Gyves EMD, Rivera CM, Bignami C, Rouphael Y. 2008. Non-destructive, analogue model for leaf area estimation in persimmon (Diospyros kaki lf) based on leaf length and width measurement. Eur J Hort Sci 73: 216-221.
Dadashpour A, Shekafandeh A, Oladi R. 2017. Anatomical and morphological changes in scion of some olive grafting combinations under water deficit. Adv Hort Sci 31: 281–288.
De Swart EAM, Groenwold R, Kanne HJ, Stam P, Marcelis LFM, Voorrips RE. 2004. Non-destructive estimation of leaf area for different plant ages and accessions of Capsicum annuum L. J Hort Sci Biotech 79: 764–770.
Dutra AD, Filho MAC, Pissinato AGV, Gesteira ADS, Filho WDSS, Fancelli M. 2017. Mathematical models to estimate leaf area of citrus genotypes. Afr J Agr Res 12: 125-132.
Ghoreishi M, Hossini Y, Maftoon M. 2012. Simple models for predicting leaf area of mango (Mangifera indica L.). J Biol Earth Sci 2: 845–853.
Hossain MM, Disha RF, Rahim MA. 2018. Physio-morphological variations of pummelo genotype (Citrus grandis L. osbeck). Adv Hort Sci 32: 93–103.
Huang P, Pretzsch H. 2010. Using terrestrial laser scanner for estimating leaf areas of individual trees in a conifer forest. Trees 24: 609-619.
Imani A, Shamili M. 2018. Phenology and pomology of almond’s cultivars and genotypes using multivariate analysis. Adv Hort Sci 32: 27–32.
Karyati, Widiati KY, Karmini, Mulyadi R. 2019. Development of allometric relationships for estimate aboveground biomass of trees in the tropical abandoned land. Biodiversitas 20(12): 3508-3516. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201207
Karyati, Widiati KY, Karmini, Mulyadi R. 2021. The allometric relationships for estimating above ground biomass and carbon stock in abandoned traditional garden in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22(2): 751-762. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220228
Lakitan B, Widuri LI, Meihana M. 2017. Simplifying procedure for a non-destructive, inexpensive, yet accurate trifoliate leaf area estimation in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). J Appl Hort 19: 15-21.
Malagi G, Citadin I, Scariot S, Reis L. 2010. Non-destructive method for leaf area determination of grapevine, brs-violeta cultivar. Rev Bras Frutic 32: 1250-1254.
Mazzini RB, Ribeiro RV, Pio RM. 2010. A simple and non-destructive model for individual leaf area estimation in citrus. Fruits 65: 269–275.
Mendoza-De Gyves E, Rouphael Y, Cristofori V, Mira FR. 2007. A non-destructive, simple and accurate model for estimating the individual leaf area of kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa). Fruits 62: 171–176.
Mubarak I, Hamdan A. 2018. Onion crop response to different irrigation and N-fertilizer levels in dry mediterranean region. Adv Hort Sci 32: 495–501.
Palliotti A, Poni S. 2011. Traditional and innovative summer pruning techniques for vineyard management. Adv Hort Sci 25: 151–163.
Rawlings JO, Pantula SG, Dickey DA. 1998. Applied Regression Analysis: A Research Tool, 2nd edition. Springer, New York.
Salazar JCS, Melgarejo LM, Bautista EHD, Rienzoc JAD, Casanoves F. 2018. Non-destructive estimation of the leaf weight and leaf area in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). Sci Hort 229: 19–24.
Shekafandeh A, Hojati S. 2012. In vitro drought effects on morphological and physiological indices of two fig (Ficus carica l.) cultivars. Adv Hort Sci 26: 131–137.
Tondjo K, Brancheriau L, Sabatier SA, Kokutse AD, Akossou A, Kokou K, Fourcaud T. 2015. Non-destructive measurement of leaf area and dry biomass in Tectona grandis. Trees 29: 1625-1631.
Qrunfleh IM, Ammari TG, Abu-Romman S. 2017. ‘Superior seedless’ grafted on three selected grapevine rootstocks grown on calcareous soil under diluted brackish water irrigation. i. growth performances. Adv Hort Sci 31: 249–256.
Vanoli M, Grassi M, Spinelli L, Torricelli A, Rizzolo A. 2018. Quality and nutraceutical properties of mango fruit: influence of cultivar and biological age assessed by time?resolved reflectance spectroscopy. Adv Hort Sci 32: 407–420.
Wirabuana PYAP, Setiahadi R, Sadono R, Lukito M, Martono DS, Matatula J. 2020. Allometric equations for estimating biomass of community forest tree species in Madiun, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21(9): 4291-4300. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210947
Wongpornchai S. 2012. Kaffir lime leaf. In: Peter KV, ed. Handbook of herbs and spices second edition. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge.
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