Correlation and path analysis for agronomic traits contributing to yield in 30 genotypes of soybean
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Abstract. Karyawati AS, Puspitaningrum ESV. 2021. Correlation and path analysis for agronomic traits contributing to yield in 30 genotypes of soybean. Biodiversitas 22: 1146-1151. To obtain more productive soybean genotypes, it is essential to know the contribution of each agronomic trait to the productivity of soybeans. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation and path analysis in thirty genotypes of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) for eleven traits. The study was conducted in March-June 2019, in an experimental area located at Agro Techno Park, which belongs to Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java Province, Indonesia. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of correlation showed that the number of branches, number of filled pods, number of seeds per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and weight of seeds per plant had a positive correlation value to the yield. Path analysis showed that the number of seeds per plant had a high positive, direct effect on the yield. The plant height, number of branches, fresh weight and dry weight had an indirect effect on the yield. Based on the result, the number of seeds per plant can be selected as one of the selection criteria in a soybean breeding program to obtain a high-yield soybean variety.
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References
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Akram, R. M., Fares, W. M., Fateh, H. S. A., & Rizk, A. M. A. (2011). Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in soybean. Egypt. J. Plant Breed, 15(1), 89–102.
Aondover, S., Lekan, B. L., & Terkimbi, V. (2013). Correlation, path coefficient and principal component analysis of seed yield in soybean genotypes. International Journal of Advanced Research, 1(7), 1–5.
Arshad, M., Ali, N., & Ghafoor, A. (2006). Character correlation and path coefficient in soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill.Pakistan Journal of Botany, 38(1), 121.
Ayub, K., Mir, H., & Amjad, K. (2000). Heritability and interrelationship among yield determining components of soybean varieties. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research,16(1), 5-8.
Baraskar, V. V, Kachhadia, V. H., Vachhankl, J. H., Barad, H. R., Patel, M. B., & Darwankar, M. S. (2014). Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 5(4), 802–806.
Bello, L. L., Shaahu, A., & Vange, T. (2012). Studies on relationship between seed yield and yield components in soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 3(4), 10121017.
Bizeti, H. S., Carvalho, C. G. P. D., Souza, J. R. P. D., & Destro, D. (2004). Path analysis under multicollinearity in soybean. Brazilian archives of biology and technology, 47(5), 669-676.
Board, J. E., Kang, M. S., & Harville, B. G. (1997). Path analyses identify indirect selection criteria for yield of late?planted soybean. Crop science, 37(3), 879-884.
Chavan, B. H., Dahat, D. V, Rajput, H. J., Deshmukh, M. P., & Diwane, S. L. (2016). Correlation and path analysis in soybean. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary, 2(9), 1–6.
Cui, S. Y., & Yu, D. Y. (2005). Estimates of relative contribution of biomass, harvest index and yield components to soybean yield improvements in China. Plant Breeding, 124(5), 473-476.
De Bruin, J. L., & Pedersen, P. (2009). Growth, yield, and yield component changes among old and new soybean cultivars.Agronomy Journal, 101(1), 124-130.
Dvorjak, D. S., Unêda-trevisoli, S. H., Leite, W. D. S., Silva, A. J. da, Silva, F. M. da, & Mauro, A. O. Di. (2019). Correlations and path analysis in soybean progenies with resistance source to cyst nematode (race 3). Comunicata Scientiae, 10(1), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.14295/CS.v10i1.1697
Faot, M. M., Zubaidah, S., & Kuswantoro, H. (2019). Genetic correlation and path analysis of agronomical traits of soybean (Glycine max) lines infected by CpMMV. Biodiversitas, 20(6), 1496–1503.
Ghodrati, G. R., Sekhavat, R., Mahmoodinezhadedezfully, S. H., & Gholami, A. (2013). Evaluation of correlations and path analysis of components seed yield in soybean. International Journal of Agriculture, 3(4), 795-800.
Hamawaki, O. T., Rezende, G. F., Jorge, G. L., Silveira, I. C., Medeiros, L. A., & Hamawaki, R. L. (2017). Phenotypic and genotypic correlations between soybean agronomic traits and path analysis. Genetic and Molecular Research, 16(2), 1–11
Iqbal, S., Mahmood, T., Ali, M., Anwar, M., & Sarwar, M. (2003). Path coefficient analysis in different genotypes of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merril). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences (Pakistan)., 6(12), 1085-1087.
Kumudini, S., Hume, D. J., & Chu, G. (2001). Genetic improvement in short season soybeans: I. Dry matter accumulation, partitioning, and leaf area duration. Crop science,41(2), 391-398.
Kuswantoro, H., Artari, R., Rahajeng, W., Ginting, E., & Supeno, A. (2018). Genetic, variability, heritability and correlation of some agronomical characters of soybean varieties. Biosaintifika, 10(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.9939
Liu, X. B., Herbert, S. J., Hashemi, A. M., Litchfield, G. V., Zhang, Q. Y., & Barzegar, A. R. (2006). Responses of Soya bean Yield and Yield Component Distribution across the Main Axis under Source–Sink Manipulation. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 192(2), 140-146.
Liu, X., Herbert, S. J., Hashemi, A. M., Litchfield, G. V., Zhang, Q., & Barzegar, A. R. (2006). Yield and yield components responses of old and new soybean cultivars to source-sink manipulation under light enrichment. Plant Soil And Environment, 52(4), 148.
Liu, X., Jin, J., Herbert, S. J., Zhang, Q., & Wang, G. (2005). Yield components, dry matter, LAI and LAD of soybeans in Northeast China. Field Crops Research, 93(1), 85-93.
Machikowa, T., & Laosuwan, P. (2011). Path coefficient analysis for yield of early maturing soybean. Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol, 33(4), 365–368.
Mahbub, M. M., Rahman, M. M., Hossain, M. S., Mahmud, F., & Kabir, M. M. (2015). Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis for yield and yield components in soybean . American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences. 15(2), 231-236.
Mahbub, M., & Shirazy, B. J. (2016). Evaluation of genetic diversity in different genotypes of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Americcan Journal of Plant Biology, 1(1), 24–29.
Malik, M. F. A., Ashraf, M., Qureshi, A. S., & Ghafoor, A. (2007). Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path analyses for yield and its components in soybean. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39(2), 405.
Malik, M. F. A., Ashraf, M., Qureshi, A. S., & Ghafoor, A. (2007). Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path analyses for yield and its components in soybean. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39(2), 405.
Meira, D., Carvalho, 2Ivan Ricardo, Nardino, M., Follmann, D. N., Pelegrin, A. J. De, Szareski, V. J., Ferrari, M., Olivoto, T., Meier, C., & Souza, V. Q. de. (2016). Path analysis and dissimilarity in soybean with indeterminate habit. International Journal of Current Research, 8(10), 39568–39573.
Mode, J. C., & Robinson, H. F. (1959). Pleiotropism and genetic variance and covariance. Biometrics, 15, 518–537.
Nagarajan, D., Kalaimagal, T., & Murugan, E. (2015). Correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and yield attributes in soybean, Glycine max L (Merr). International Journal of Farm Sciences, 5(3), 2834.
Popovic, V., Jaksic, S., Glamoclija, D., Grahovac, N., Djekic, V., & Stefanovic, V. M. (2012b). Variability and correlations between soybean yield and quality components. Romanian Agricultural Research, 29, 131-138.
Popovi?, V., Vidi?, M., Jockovi?, ?., Ikanovi?, J., Jakši?, S., & Cvijanovi?, G. (2012a). Variability and correlations between yield components of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Genetika,44(1), 33-45.
Rose, J. L., Butler, D. G., & Ryley, M. J. (1992). Yield improvement in soybeans using recurrent selection. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 43(1), 135-144.
Sa’diyah, N., Siagian, C. R., & Barmawi, M. (2011). Korelasi dan analisis lintas karakter agronomi kedelai (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) keturunan persilangan Wilis X MLG 2521. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 16(1), 45–53.
Sarutayophat, T. (2012). Correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and its components in vegetable soybean.Songklanakarin Journal of Science & Technology, 34(3), 273-277.
Scott, R. A., & Kephart, K. D. (1997). Selection for yield, protein, and oil in soybean crosses between adapted and introduced parents. Field Crops Research, 49(2-3), 177-185.
Silva, A. F., Sediyama, T., Silva, F. C. S., Bezerra, A. R. G., & Ferreira, L. V. (2015). Correlation and path analysis of soybean yield components. International Journal of Plant, Animal, and Environmental Sciences, 5(1), 177–179.
Singh, J., & Yadava, H. S. (2000). Factors determining seed yield in early generation of soybean. Crop Research (Hisar),20(2), 239-243.
Singh, R. ., & Chaudhary, B. . (1992). Biometrical Methods in Quantitative Genetic Analysis. Kalyani Publishers
Tefera, H., Kamara, A. Y., Asafo?Adjei, B., & Dashiell, K. E. (2009). Improvement in grain and fodder yields of early?maturing promiscuous soybean varieties in the Guinea savanna of Nigeria.Crop Science, 49(6), 2037-2042.
Teodoro, P. E., Ribeiro, L. P., Correa, C. C. G., Luz Junior, R. A. A. da, Zanuncio, A. dos S., Capristo, D. P., & Torres, F. E. (2015). Path analysis in soybean genotypes as function of growth habit. Biosel. J, 31(3), 794–799.
Ulloa, S. M., Datta, A., Malidza, G., Leskovsek, R., & Knezevic, S. Z. (2010). Yield and yield components of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are influenced by the timing of broadcast flaming.Field crops research, 119(2-3), 348-354.
Valencia-Ramírez, R. A., & Ligarreto-Moreno, G. A. (2012). Phenotypic correlation and path analysis for yield in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Acta Agronomica, 61(4), 322–332.
Vencovsky, R., & Barriga, P. (1992). Genética biométrica no fitomelhoramento. In Sociedade Brasileira de Genética. Ribeirão Preto. Vu, T. T. H., Le, T. T. C., Vu, D. H., Nguyen, T. T., & Pham, T. N. (2019). Correlations and path coefficients for yield related traits in soybean progenies. Asian J. Crop Sci, 11(2), 32–39
Yahaya, S. U., & Ankrumah, E. (2015). Character association and path coefficient analysis between some growth characters and grain yield in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril.). Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 8(2), 210-215.
Yahaya, S. U., & Ankrumah, E. (2017). Character association and path coefficient analysis for yield components and grain yield in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill.]. Legume Research-An International Journal, 40(4), 630-634.
Akram, R. M., Fares, W. M., Fateh, H. S. A., & Rizk, A. M. A. (2011). Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in soybean. Egypt. J. Plant Breed, 15(1), 89–102.
Aondover, S., Lekan, B. L., & Terkimbi, V. (2013). Correlation, path coefficient and principal component analysis of seed yield in soybean genotypes. International Journal of Advanced Research, 1(7), 1–5.
Arshad, M., Ali, N., & Ghafoor, A. (2006). Character correlation and path coefficient in soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill.Pakistan Journal of Botany, 38(1), 121.
Ayub, K., Mir, H., & Amjad, K. (2000). Heritability and interrelationship among yield determining components of soybean varieties. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research,16(1), 5-8.
Baraskar, V. V, Kachhadia, V. H., Vachhankl, J. H., Barad, H. R., Patel, M. B., & Darwankar, M. S. (2014). Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 5(4), 802–806.
Bello, L. L., Shaahu, A., & Vange, T. (2012). Studies on relationship between seed yield and yield components in soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 3(4), 10121017.
Bizeti, H. S., Carvalho, C. G. P. D., Souza, J. R. P. D., & Destro, D. (2004). Path analysis under multicollinearity in soybean. Brazilian archives of biology and technology, 47(5), 669-676.
Board, J. E., Kang, M. S., & Harville, B. G. (1997). Path analyses identify indirect selection criteria for yield of late?planted soybean. Crop science, 37(3), 879-884.
Chavan, B. H., Dahat, D. V, Rajput, H. J., Deshmukh, M. P., & Diwane, S. L. (2016). Correlation and path analysis in soybean. International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary, 2(9), 1–6.
Cui, S. Y., & Yu, D. Y. (2005). Estimates of relative contribution of biomass, harvest index and yield components to soybean yield improvements in China. Plant Breeding, 124(5), 473-476.
De Bruin, J. L., & Pedersen, P. (2009). Growth, yield, and yield component changes among old and new soybean cultivars.Agronomy Journal, 101(1), 124-130.
Dvorjak, D. S., Unêda-trevisoli, S. H., Leite, W. D. S., Silva, A. J. da, Silva, F. M. da, & Mauro, A. O. Di. (2019). Correlations and path analysis in soybean progenies with resistance source to cyst nematode (race 3). Comunicata Scientiae, 10(1), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.14295/CS.v10i1.1697
Faot, M. M., Zubaidah, S., & Kuswantoro, H. (2019). Genetic correlation and path analysis of agronomical traits of soybean (Glycine max) lines infected by CpMMV. Biodiversitas, 20(6), 1496–1503.
Ghodrati, G. R., Sekhavat, R., Mahmoodinezhadedezfully, S. H., & Gholami, A. (2013). Evaluation of correlations and path analysis of components seed yield in soybean. International Journal of Agriculture, 3(4), 795-800.
Hamawaki, O. T., Rezende, G. F., Jorge, G. L., Silveira, I. C., Medeiros, L. A., & Hamawaki, R. L. (2017). Phenotypic and genotypic correlations between soybean agronomic traits and path analysis. Genetic and Molecular Research, 16(2), 1–11
Iqbal, S., Mahmood, T., Ali, M., Anwar, M., & Sarwar, M. (2003). Path coefficient analysis in different genotypes of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merril). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences (Pakistan)., 6(12), 1085-1087.
Kumudini, S., Hume, D. J., & Chu, G. (2001). Genetic improvement in short season soybeans: I. Dry matter accumulation, partitioning, and leaf area duration. Crop science,41(2), 391-398.
Kuswantoro, H., Artari, R., Rahajeng, W., Ginting, E., & Supeno, A. (2018). Genetic, variability, heritability and correlation of some agronomical characters of soybean varieties. Biosaintifika, 10(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.9939
Liu, X. B., Herbert, S. J., Hashemi, A. M., Litchfield, G. V., Zhang, Q. Y., & Barzegar, A. R. (2006). Responses of Soya bean Yield and Yield Component Distribution across the Main Axis under Source–Sink Manipulation. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 192(2), 140-146.
Liu, X., Herbert, S. J., Hashemi, A. M., Litchfield, G. V., Zhang, Q., & Barzegar, A. R. (2006). Yield and yield components responses of old and new soybean cultivars to source-sink manipulation under light enrichment. Plant Soil And Environment, 52(4), 148.
Liu, X., Jin, J., Herbert, S. J., Zhang, Q., & Wang, G. (2005). Yield components, dry matter, LAI and LAD of soybeans in Northeast China. Field Crops Research, 93(1), 85-93.
Machikowa, T., & Laosuwan, P. (2011). Path coefficient analysis for yield of early maturing soybean. Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol, 33(4), 365–368.
Mahbub, M. M., Rahman, M. M., Hossain, M. S., Mahmud, F., & Kabir, M. M. (2015). Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis for yield and yield components in soybean . American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences. 15(2), 231-236.
Mahbub, M., & Shirazy, B. J. (2016). Evaluation of genetic diversity in different genotypes of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Americcan Journal of Plant Biology, 1(1), 24–29.
Malik, M. F. A., Ashraf, M., Qureshi, A. S., & Ghafoor, A. (2007). Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path analyses for yield and its components in soybean. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39(2), 405.
Malik, M. F. A., Ashraf, M., Qureshi, A. S., & Ghafoor, A. (2007). Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path analyses for yield and its components in soybean. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39(2), 405.
Meira, D., Carvalho, 2Ivan Ricardo, Nardino, M., Follmann, D. N., Pelegrin, A. J. De, Szareski, V. J., Ferrari, M., Olivoto, T., Meier, C., & Souza, V. Q. de. (2016). Path analysis and dissimilarity in soybean with indeterminate habit. International Journal of Current Research, 8(10), 39568–39573.
Mode, J. C., & Robinson, H. F. (1959). Pleiotropism and genetic variance and covariance. Biometrics, 15, 518–537.
Nagarajan, D., Kalaimagal, T., & Murugan, E. (2015). Correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and yield attributes in soybean, Glycine max L (Merr). International Journal of Farm Sciences, 5(3), 2834.
Popovic, V., Jaksic, S., Glamoclija, D., Grahovac, N., Djekic, V., & Stefanovic, V. M. (2012b). Variability and correlations between soybean yield and quality components. Romanian Agricultural Research, 29, 131-138.
Popovi?, V., Vidi?, M., Jockovi?, ?., Ikanovi?, J., Jakši?, S., & Cvijanovi?, G. (2012a). Variability and correlations between yield components of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Genetika,44(1), 33-45.
Rose, J. L., Butler, D. G., & Ryley, M. J. (1992). Yield improvement in soybeans using recurrent selection. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 43(1), 135-144.
Sa’diyah, N., Siagian, C. R., & Barmawi, M. (2011). Korelasi dan analisis lintas karakter agronomi kedelai (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) keturunan persilangan Wilis X MLG 2521. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 16(1), 45–53.
Sarutayophat, T. (2012). Correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and its components in vegetable soybean.Songklanakarin Journal of Science & Technology, 34(3), 273-277.
Scott, R. A., & Kephart, K. D. (1997). Selection for yield, protein, and oil in soybean crosses between adapted and introduced parents. Field Crops Research, 49(2-3), 177-185.
Silva, A. F., Sediyama, T., Silva, F. C. S., Bezerra, A. R. G., & Ferreira, L. V. (2015). Correlation and path analysis of soybean yield components. International Journal of Plant, Animal, and Environmental Sciences, 5(1), 177–179.
Singh, J., & Yadava, H. S. (2000). Factors determining seed yield in early generation of soybean. Crop Research (Hisar),20(2), 239-243.
Singh, R. ., & Chaudhary, B. . (1992). Biometrical Methods in Quantitative Genetic Analysis. Kalyani Publishers
Tefera, H., Kamara, A. Y., Asafo?Adjei, B., & Dashiell, K. E. (2009). Improvement in grain and fodder yields of early?maturing promiscuous soybean varieties in the Guinea savanna of Nigeria.Crop Science, 49(6), 2037-2042.
Teodoro, P. E., Ribeiro, L. P., Correa, C. C. G., Luz Junior, R. A. A. da, Zanuncio, A. dos S., Capristo, D. P., & Torres, F. E. (2015). Path analysis in soybean genotypes as function of growth habit. Biosel. J, 31(3), 794–799.
Ulloa, S. M., Datta, A., Malidza, G., Leskovsek, R., & Knezevic, S. Z. (2010). Yield and yield components of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are influenced by the timing of broadcast flaming.Field crops research, 119(2-3), 348-354.
Valencia-Ramírez, R. A., & Ligarreto-Moreno, G. A. (2012). Phenotypic correlation and path analysis for yield in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Acta Agronomica, 61(4), 322–332.
Vencovsky, R., & Barriga, P. (1992). Genética biométrica no fitomelhoramento. In Sociedade Brasileira de Genética. Ribeirão Preto. Vu, T. T. H., Le, T. T. C., Vu, D. H., Nguyen, T. T., & Pham, T. N. (2019). Correlations and path coefficients for yield related traits in soybean progenies. Asian J. Crop Sci, 11(2), 32–39
Yahaya, S. U., & Ankrumah, E. (2015). Character association and path coefficient analysis between some growth characters and grain yield in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril.). Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 8(2), 210-215.
Yahaya, S. U., & Ankrumah, E. (2017). Character association and path coefficient analysis for yield components and grain yield in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill.]. Legume Research-An International Journal, 40(4), 630-634.