Body weight, body measurements and slaughter characteristics of Madura cattle raised in Pamekasan District, East Java Province, Indonesia
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Abstract. Prihandini PW, Maharani D, Sumadi. 2020. Body weight, body measurements, and slaughter characteristics of Madura cattle raised in Pamekasan District, East Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3415-3421. This study was designed to analyze the body weight, body measurements and slaughter characteristics of Madura cattle raised in Pamekasan district, East Java province, Indonesia. A total of 2,373 records on live body weight and body measurements (body length, height at withers and chest girth), and 69 records on slaughter traits (slaughter, carcass, and meat weight, as well as carcass and meat percentage) from both sexes were used. Sampled animals were divided into three groups based on age (calf: 0- to10-month-old; young: 11- to 24-month-old; adult: >24-month-old). The data were analyzed using independent sample t-test to assess significant differences between sex groups and subjected to multiple linear regression analyses to obtain prediction equations of body weight from body measurements, carcass weight from slaughter weight, and meat weight from slaughter- and carcass-weight. Results showed that body weight, height at withers, and chest girth between male and female cattle in all age groups were significantly different (P<0.05). Male cattle showed higher slaughter weight, carcass weight and carcass percentage mean values than female cattle. Body measurements showed high correlation with body weight (r ?0.80). Height at withers, body length, and chest girth represented good body measurements to predict body weight (R2 = from 0.65 to 0.83). Moreover, as observed, high correlations between slaughter weight and carcass- (r = 0.94; R2 = 0.89) and meat-weight (r = 0.99; R2 = 0.98) would imply that meat weight could be predicted accurately from slaughter- and carcass-weight.
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References
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Afolayan RA, Pitchford WS, Weatherly AW, Bottema CDK. 2002. Genetic variation in growth and body dimensions of Jersey and Limousin cross cattle. 1. Pre- weaning performance. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 15: 1371–1377.
Atta M, El Khidir OA. 2004. Use of heart girth, wither height and scapuloischial length for prediction of live weight of Nilotic sheep. Small Rumin Res 55: 233-237.
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Casas E, Thallman RM, Cundiff LV. 2012. Birth and weaning traits in crossbred cattle from Hereford, Angus, Norwegian Red, Swedish Red and White, Wagyu, and Friesian sires. J Anim Sci 90: 2916-20.
Choat WT, Paterson JA, Rainey BM, King MC, Smith GC, Belk KE, Lipsey RJ. 2006. The effects of cattle sex on carcass characteristics and longissimus muscle palatability. J Anim Sci 84: 1820?6.
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Gilbert RP, Bailey DRC, Shannon NH. 1993. Body dimensions and carcass measurements of cattle selected for post-weaning gain fed two different diets. J Anim Sci 71: 1688–1698.
Goe MR, Alldredge JR, Light D. 2001. Use of heart girth to predict body weight of working oxen in Ethopian highlands. Livest Prod Sci 69: 187-195.
Gunawan A, Jakaria. 2011. Application of Linear Body Measurements for Predicting Weaning and Yearling Weight of Bali Cattle. Animal Production 12: 163-168.
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Sents AE, Walters LE, Whiteman JV. 1982. Performance and carcass characteristics of ram lambs based on slaughter different weight. J Anim Sci 60: 1360?1368.
Sobola OS. 2007. Body measurements of West African dwarf sheep as parameters for estimation of live weight. Trop Anim Health Prod 40: 433-439.
Soejosopoetro B. 2011. Studi tentang pemotongan sapi betina produktif di RPH Malang. Jurnal Ternak Tropika 12: 22-26.
Soeparno. 2009. Ilmu dan Teknologi Daging. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
Suryadi. 2003. The effect of slaughter weight on the main pieces and the crumbs of carcass of Brahman Cross cattle. The Scientific Magazine of Livestok 6:100?104.
Sutarno, Setyawan AD. 2015. Review: Genetic diversity of local and exotic cattle and their crossbreeding impact on the quality of Indonesian cattle. Biodiversitas 16: 327-354.
Tesfay HH, Banerjee AK, Mummed YY. 2017. Live body weight and linear body measurements of indigenous sheep population in their production system for developing suitable selection criteria in Central Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Afr J Agric Res 12: 1087-1095.
Widi TSM, Udo HMJ, Oldenbroe JK, Budiastra IGS, Baliarti E, van Zijpp AJ. 2013. Unique cultural values of Madura cattle: is crossbreeding a threat? Anim Genet Resour 54:141-152.
Wijono DB, Setiadi B. 2004. Potensi dan keragaman sumber daya genetik Sapi Madura. Proceeding Lokakarya Nasional Sapi Potong. Bogor. Page: 42-52.
Yakubu A. 2010. Path coefficient and path analysis of body weight and biometric traits in Yankasa lambs. Slovak J Anim Sci 1: 17-25.
Afolayan RA, Pitchford WS, Weatherly AW, Bottema CDK. 2002. Genetic variation in growth and body dimensions of Jersey and Limousin cross cattle. 1. Pre- weaning performance. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 15: 1371–1377.
Atta M, El Khidir OA. 2004. Use of heart girth, wither height and scapuloischial length for prediction of live weight of Nilotic sheep. Small Rumin Res 55: 233-237.
Bergen R, Miller SP, Wilton JW, Crews Jr DH, Mandell IB. 2006. Genetic correlations between live yearling bull and steer carcass traits adjusted to different slaughter end points. 2. Carcass fat partitioning. J Anim Sci 84:558?566.
Casas E, Thallman RM, Cundiff LV. 2012. Birth and weaning traits in crossbred cattle from Hereford, Angus, Norwegian Red, Swedish Red and White, Wagyu, and Friesian sires. J Anim Sci 90: 2916-20.
Choat WT, Paterson JA, Rainey BM, King MC, Smith GC, Belk KE, Lipsey RJ. 2006. The effects of cattle sex on carcass characteristics and longissimus muscle palatability. J Anim Sci 84: 1820?6.
Director General of Livestock and Animal Health Service (Ditjenpkh). 2018. Livestock and Animal Health Staistics. Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta.
FAO. 2015. The Second Report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, edited by B.D. Scherf & D. Pilling. FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Assessments. Rome (available at http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4787e/index.html).
Gilbert RP, Bailey DRC, Shannon NH. 1993. Body dimensions and carcass measurements of cattle selected for post-weaning gain fed two different diets. J Anim Sci 71: 1688–1698.
Goe MR, Alldredge JR, Light D. 2001. Use of heart girth to predict body weight of working oxen in Ethopian highlands. Livest Prod Sci 69: 187-195.
Gunawan A, Jakaria. 2011. Application of Linear Body Measurements for Predicting Weaning and Yearling Weight of Bali Cattle. Animal Production 12: 163-168.
Hafid H, Rugayah N. 2009. Persentase karkas Sapi Bali pada berbagai berat badan dan lama pemuasaan sebelum dipotong. Proceeding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan dan Veteriner. Puslitbangnak. Bogor.
Harper GS, Pethick DW. 2004. How might marbling begin?. Aust J Exp Agr 44: 653–662.
Hartatik T, Hariyono DNH, Adinata Y. 2019. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of two Indonesian local cattle breeds based on cytochrome b gene sequences. Biodiversitas 20: 17-22.
Haryoko I, Suparman P. 2009. Evaluation of carcass production of PO cattle based on heart girth measurement, body condition score and slaughter weight. Animal Production 11:28-33.
Heinrichs AJ, Erb HN, Rogers GW, Cooper JB, Jones CM. 2007. Variability in Holstein heifer heartgirth measurements and comparison of prediction equations for live weight. Prev Vet Med 78: 333-338.
Khan HF, Muhammad R, Ahmad G, Nawaz, Rahimullah, Zubair M. 2006. Relationship of body weight with linier body measurements and conformation traits. J Dairy Sci 1: 51-54.
Lukuyu MN, Gibson JP, Savage DB, Duncan AJ, Mujibi FDN, Okeyo AM. 2016. Use of body linear measurements to estimate liveweight of crossbred dairy cattle in smallholder farms in Kenya. Springerplus 5:63.
Mekparyup J, Saithanu K, Arunkeeree N. 2013. Estimation of body weight of Holstein-Friesian cattle with multiple regression analysis. Int J Appl Math Stat. 44(14).
National Standardization Agency of Indonesia (BSN). 2013. Bibit Sapi Madura Bagian 2. Madura. SNI 7651.2:2013. ICS 65.020.30. BSN, Jakarta.
Nephawe KA, Cundiff LV, Dikeman ME, Crouse JD, Van Vleck LD. 2004. Genetic relationships between sex-specific traits in beef cattle: Mature weight, weight adjusted for body condition score, height and body condition score of cows, and carcass traits of their steer relatives. J Anim Sci 82: 647?653.
Ni’am HUM, Purnomoadi A, Dartosukarno S. 2012. Correlation between statistic vital and body weight in female Bali cattle at different age group. Animal Agriculture Journal 1: 541-556.
Nsoso BSJ, Aganga AA, Moganetsi BP, Tschwenyane SO. 2003. Birth weight, body condition score and heart girth in indigenous Tswana goats during dry and wet season in southeast Bostwana. Livest Res Rural Dev 15(4)
Nurgiartiningsih VMA, Budiarto A, Kusmartono, Suyadi. 2016. Evaluation of performance in female Madura cattle in Madura Island, Indonesia. Animal Production 18:125-130.
Nurgiartiningsih VMA. 2011. Map of genetic potency of pure Madura Cattle at four districts in Madura. Journal of Tropical Animal Production 12: 23-32.
Priyanto R, Hafid H. 2005. Identifikasi sifat- sifat karkas yang dapat digunakan untuk menduga komposisi karkas sapi. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan 8:1-9.
Safutra FK. 2012. Karakteristik Eksterior dan Ukuran Tubuh Sapi Sonok di Kecamatan Waru, Kabupaten Pamekasan Madura. Thesis. Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Sents AE, Walters LE, Whiteman JV. 1982. Performance and carcass characteristics of ram lambs based on slaughter different weight. J Anim Sci 60: 1360?1368.
Sobola OS. 2007. Body measurements of West African dwarf sheep as parameters for estimation of live weight. Trop Anim Health Prod 40: 433-439.
Soejosopoetro B. 2011. Studi tentang pemotongan sapi betina produktif di RPH Malang. Jurnal Ternak Tropika 12: 22-26.
Soeparno. 2009. Ilmu dan Teknologi Daging. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
Suryadi. 2003. The effect of slaughter weight on the main pieces and the crumbs of carcass of Brahman Cross cattle. The Scientific Magazine of Livestok 6:100?104.
Sutarno, Setyawan AD. 2015. Review: Genetic diversity of local and exotic cattle and their crossbreeding impact on the quality of Indonesian cattle. Biodiversitas 16: 327-354.
Tesfay HH, Banerjee AK, Mummed YY. 2017. Live body weight and linear body measurements of indigenous sheep population in their production system for developing suitable selection criteria in Central Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Afr J Agric Res 12: 1087-1095.
Widi TSM, Udo HMJ, Oldenbroe JK, Budiastra IGS, Baliarti E, van Zijpp AJ. 2013. Unique cultural values of Madura cattle: is crossbreeding a threat? Anim Genet Resour 54:141-152.
Wijono DB, Setiadi B. 2004. Potensi dan keragaman sumber daya genetik Sapi Madura. Proceeding Lokakarya Nasional Sapi Potong. Bogor. Page: 42-52.
Yakubu A. 2010. Path coefficient and path analysis of body weight and biometric traits in Yankasa lambs. Slovak J Anim Sci 1: 17-25.
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