Isolation and selection of cellulolytic bacteria from rice straw for consortium of microbial fuel cell
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Abstract. Khoirunnisa NS, Anwar S, Santosa DA. 2020. Isolation and selection of cellulolytic bacteria from rice straw for consortium of microbial fuel cell. Biodiversitas 21: 1686-1696. Cellulose such as in rice straw can be utilized as an organic substrate in Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) to generate electricity by microorganisms as a biocatalyst. This research aimed to get cellulose-degrading bacteria with high capability to degrade rice straw and able to be used as consortium with exoelectrogen bacteria in Microbial Fuel Cell. The stages of research included: (i) isolation of the bacteria using carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) agar medium, (ii) selection of the isolates for that purpose, (iii) enzyme assay and MFC performance test, and (iv) identification of selected isolate. There were 125 isolates that were obtained. Selection based on the ability to degrade cellulose as indicated by clear zone on CMC medium resulted in 23 isolates. Ten isolates belong to anaerobic facultative bacteria were selected. Three of them were synergistic with exoelectrogen bacteria. The three isolates were tested for exoglucanase (Avicel) and total enzyme activity (Filter Paper) with the highest results were 6.21 U/mL (isolate J404) and 5.88 U/mL (isolate J401), respectively. The optimum MFC performance was achieved by one isolate, J401, which produced highest voltage of 40.8 mV and a power density of 0.33 mW/m2. The best isolate, J401, was identified as Xanthomonas translucens based on 16S rRNA method.
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References
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Bhat MK and Bhat S. Cellulose degrading enzymes and their potential industrial application. 1997. Biotechnol. Adv. 15 (3): 583-620.
Chantarasiri A. 2015. Aquatic Bacillus cereus JD0404 isolated from the muddy sediments of mangrove swamps in Thailand and characterization of its cellulolytic activity. Egyp. J. Aquat. Res.41: 257-264.
Coward-Kelly G, Aiello-Mazzari C, Kim S, Granda C, and Holtzapple M. 2003.Suggested improvements to the standard filter paper assay used to measure cellulase activity. Biotechnol Bioeng. 82: 745– 749.
Dantur KI, Enrique R, Welin B, and Castagnaro AP. 2015. Isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from the intestine of Diatraea saccharalis larvae and evaluation of their capacity to degrade sugarcane biomass. AMB Exp. 5 (15): 1-11.
Eveleigh DE, Mandels M, Andreotti R, and Roche C. 2009. Measurement of saccharifying cellulose. Biotechnol. for Biofuel. 2 (21): 1-8.
FAO. 2018. Rice Market Moitor. Round Up. 21 (1): 1-38.
Fengel D and Wegener G. 1983. Wood: chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.
Ghose TK. 1987. Measurement of cellulase activities. Pure. Appl. Chem. 59 (2): 257–268.
Gupta P, Samant K, and Sahur A. 2012. Isolation of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria and Determination of Their Cellulolytic Potential. Int. J. Microbiol. 1:1-5.
Huang L and Logan BE. 2008. Electricity generation and treatment of paper recycling wastewater using a microbial fuel cell. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 80: 349–355.
Huang S, Sheng P, and Zhang H. 2012. Isolation and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from the Gut of Holotrichia parallela Larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13: 2563-2577.
Jiang CH, Wu F, Yu ZY, et al. 2015. Study on screening and antagonistic mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 54 against bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) caused by Acidovorax avenae subsp. Citrulli. J. Micres. 170:95-10.
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Khawdas W, Watanabe K, Karatani H, Aso Y, Tanaka T, and Ohara H. 2017. Direct electron transfer of Cellulomonas fimi and microbial fuel cells fueled by cellulose. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 1-6.
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Liang YL, Zhang Z, Wu M, Wu Y, and Feng JX. 2014. Isolation, Screening, and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Natural Reserves in the Subtropical Region of China and Optimization of Cellulase Production by Paenibacillus terrae ME27-1. Biomed. Res. Intern. 1: 1-13.
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Logan BE. Microbial Fuel Cell. New Jersey: Wiley; 2007.
Long RA, Eeillard D, Franco SLM, Reeves E, and Pinkney JL. 2012. Antagonistic interactions between heterotrophic bacteria as a potential regulator of community structure of hypersaline microbial mats. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 83:74-81.
Mandels M and Reese ET. 1957. Induction of cellulase in Trichoderma viride as influenced by carbon sources and metals. J. of Bacteriol. 73 (2): 269–278.
Mazzapioda L, Panero S, and Navara MA. 2019. Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Based on Nafion and a Superacidic Inorganic Additive for Fuel Cell Applications. Polymers. 11:1-10.
Miller GL. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal. Chem. 31 (4): 426–428.
Perez J, Munoz DJ, Rubia T, and Martínez J. 2002. Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: an overview. Int. Microbiol. 5:53-63.
Peristiwati, Natamihardja YS, and Herlini H. 2018. Isolation and identification of cellulolytic bacteria from termites gut (Cryptotermes sp.). J. Physics: Conf. Series. 1-6.
Pruvost O and Luisetti J. 1989. Strains of Xanthomonas campestris isolated from Ambarella (Spondias cytherea Sonn.) in the French Reclassi West Indies are probably a new pathogenic form of Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae. Fruits. 44: 539–542.
Rawway M, Ali SG and Badawy AS. 2018. Isolation and Identification of Cellulose Degrading Bacteria from Different Sources at Assiut Governorate (Upper Egypt). J. Eco. Heal. Env. 6 (1): 15-24.
Razaei F, Xing D, Wagner R, Regan JM, Richard TL and Logan BE. 2009. Simultaneous Cellulose Degradation and Electricity Production by Enterobacter cloacae in a Microbial Fuel Cell. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75 (11): 3673-3678.
Ren Z, Ward TE, and Regan JM. 2007. Electricity Production from Cellulose in a Microbial Fuel Cell Using a Defined Binary Culture. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41: 4781-4786.
Saha S, Roy R, Sen SK, and Ray AK. 2006. Characterization of cellulose producing bacteria from the digestive tract of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambica (Peters) and grass carp, Ctenopharyn godonidella (Valenciennes). Aquacult. Res. 37: 380-388.
Shil RK, Mojunder S, Sadida FF, Uddin M, and Sikdar D. 2014. Isolation and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from the Gut of Three Phytophagus Insect Species. Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol. 57 (6): 927-932.
Singh RB, Soha RC, Singh M, et al. 1995. Rice Straw - Its Production and Utilization in India. Handbook for Straw Feeding Systems. ICAR, New Delhi (India).
Soares-Ju´ nior FL, Dias ACF, Fasanella CC, et al.. Endo- and exoglucanase activities in bacteria from mangrove sediment. Braz. J. Microbiol. 44 (3): 969–976.
Soil Survey Staff. 2014. Keys to Soil Taxonomy. Twelfth edition. Washington DC: NRCS-USDA;. p. 372.
Teasdale ME, Donovan KA, Forschner-Dancause SR and Rowley DC. 2011Gram-positive marine bacteria as a potential resource for the discovery of quorum sensing inhibitors. Mar. Biotechnol. 13:722–732.
Teather RM and Wood PJ. 1982. Use of Congo red-polysaccharide interactions in enumeration and characterization of cellulolytic bacteria from the bovine rumen,” Appl. & Environ. Microbiol. 43 (4): 777–780.
Thygesen A, Poulsen FW, Angelidaki I, Min B, and Bjerre AB. 2011. Electricity generation by microbial fuel cells fuelled with wheat straw hydrolysate. Biom. and Bioe. 35: 4732-4739.
Upadhyaya SK, Manandhar A, Mainali H, et al. 2012. Isolation and Characterization of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Termite. Rent. Sympos. Compen. 1:14-18.
Venkadesan D and Sumathi V. 2015. Screening of lactic acid bacteria for their antibacterial activity against milk borne pathogens. IJAR.1(11): 970-973.
Waghmare PR, Patil SM, Jadhav SL, Jeon BH, and Govindwar SP. 2018. Utilization of agricultural waste biomass by cellulolytic isolate Enterobacter sp. SUK-Bio. Agricult. and Natur. Resourc. 52: 399-406.
Yu X, Liu Y, Cui Y, et al. 2016. Measurement of filter paper activities of cellulose with microplate-based assay. Saud. J. Biolog. Sci. 23:93-98.
Behera BC, Parida S, Dutta SK, and Thatoi HN. 2014. Isolation and Identification of Cellulose Degrading Bacteria from Mangrove Soil of Mahanadi River Delta and Their Cellulase Production Ability. Americ. J. Microbiol. Res. 2 (1): 41-46.
Bhat MK and Bhat S. Cellulose degrading enzymes and their potential industrial application. 1997. Biotechnol. Adv. 15 (3): 583-620.
Chantarasiri A. 2015. Aquatic Bacillus cereus JD0404 isolated from the muddy sediments of mangrove swamps in Thailand and characterization of its cellulolytic activity. Egyp. J. Aquat. Res.41: 257-264.
Coward-Kelly G, Aiello-Mazzari C, Kim S, Granda C, and Holtzapple M. 2003.Suggested improvements to the standard filter paper assay used to measure cellulase activity. Biotechnol Bioeng. 82: 745– 749.
Dantur KI, Enrique R, Welin B, and Castagnaro AP. 2015. Isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from the intestine of Diatraea saccharalis larvae and evaluation of their capacity to degrade sugarcane biomass. AMB Exp. 5 (15): 1-11.
Eveleigh DE, Mandels M, Andreotti R, and Roche C. 2009. Measurement of saccharifying cellulose. Biotechnol. for Biofuel. 2 (21): 1-8.
FAO. 2018. Rice Market Moitor. Round Up. 21 (1): 1-38.
Fengel D and Wegener G. 1983. Wood: chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.
Ghose TK. 1987. Measurement of cellulase activities. Pure. Appl. Chem. 59 (2): 257–268.
Gupta P, Samant K, and Sahur A. 2012. Isolation of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria and Determination of Their Cellulolytic Potential. Int. J. Microbiol. 1:1-5.
Huang L and Logan BE. 2008. Electricity generation and treatment of paper recycling wastewater using a microbial fuel cell. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 80: 349–355.
Huang S, Sheng P, and Zhang H. 2012. Isolation and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from the Gut of Holotrichia parallela Larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13: 2563-2577.
Jiang CH, Wu F, Yu ZY, et al. 2015. Study on screening and antagonistic mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 54 against bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) caused by Acidovorax avenae subsp. Citrulli. J. Micres. 170:95-10.
Johnsen HR and Krause K. 2014. Cellulase Activity Screening Using Pure Carboxymethylcellulose: Application to Soluble Cellulolytic Samples and to Plant Tissue Prints. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 15: 830-838.
Kawale HD, Renveer AC, and Chavan AR. 2017. Electricity generation from wastewater using a microbial fuel cell by using mixed bacterial culture. J. Biochem. Tech. 8 (2): 1123-1127.
Khawdas W, Watanabe K, Karatani H, Aso Y, Tanaka T, and Ohara H. 2017. Direct electron transfer of Cellulomonas fimi and microbial fuel cells fueled by cellulose. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 1-6.
Kostylev M and Wilson D. 2012. Synergistic interactions in cellulose hydrolysis. Biofuels. 3 (1): 61-70
Liang YL, Zhang Z, Wu M, Wu Y, and Feng JX. 2014. Isolation, Screening, and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Natural Reserves in the Subtropical Region of China and Optimization of Cellulase Production by Paenibacillus terrae ME27-1. Biomed. Res. Intern. 1: 1-13.
Logan BE and Regan JM. 2006. Microbial fuel cells-challenges and applications. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40: 5172-5180.
Logan BE. Microbial Fuel Cell. New Jersey: Wiley; 2007.
Long RA, Eeillard D, Franco SLM, Reeves E, and Pinkney JL. 2012. Antagonistic interactions between heterotrophic bacteria as a potential regulator of community structure of hypersaline microbial mats. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 83:74-81.
Mandels M and Reese ET. 1957. Induction of cellulase in Trichoderma viride as influenced by carbon sources and metals. J. of Bacteriol. 73 (2): 269–278.
Mazzapioda L, Panero S, and Navara MA. 2019. Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Based on Nafion and a Superacidic Inorganic Additive for Fuel Cell Applications. Polymers. 11:1-10.
Miller GL. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal. Chem. 31 (4): 426–428.
Perez J, Munoz DJ, Rubia T, and Martínez J. 2002. Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: an overview. Int. Microbiol. 5:53-63.
Peristiwati, Natamihardja YS, and Herlini H. 2018. Isolation and identification of cellulolytic bacteria from termites gut (Cryptotermes sp.). J. Physics: Conf. Series. 1-6.
Pruvost O and Luisetti J. 1989. Strains of Xanthomonas campestris isolated from Ambarella (Spondias cytherea Sonn.) in the French Reclassi West Indies are probably a new pathogenic form of Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae. Fruits. 44: 539–542.
Rawway M, Ali SG and Badawy AS. 2018. Isolation and Identification of Cellulose Degrading Bacteria from Different Sources at Assiut Governorate (Upper Egypt). J. Eco. Heal. Env. 6 (1): 15-24.
Razaei F, Xing D, Wagner R, Regan JM, Richard TL and Logan BE. 2009. Simultaneous Cellulose Degradation and Electricity Production by Enterobacter cloacae in a Microbial Fuel Cell. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75 (11): 3673-3678.
Ren Z, Ward TE, and Regan JM. 2007. Electricity Production from Cellulose in a Microbial Fuel Cell Using a Defined Binary Culture. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41: 4781-4786.
Saha S, Roy R, Sen SK, and Ray AK. 2006. Characterization of cellulose producing bacteria from the digestive tract of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambica (Peters) and grass carp, Ctenopharyn godonidella (Valenciennes). Aquacult. Res. 37: 380-388.
Shil RK, Mojunder S, Sadida FF, Uddin M, and Sikdar D. 2014. Isolation and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from the Gut of Three Phytophagus Insect Species. Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol. 57 (6): 927-932.
Singh RB, Soha RC, Singh M, et al. 1995. Rice Straw - Its Production and Utilization in India. Handbook for Straw Feeding Systems. ICAR, New Delhi (India).
Soares-Ju´ nior FL, Dias ACF, Fasanella CC, et al.. Endo- and exoglucanase activities in bacteria from mangrove sediment. Braz. J. Microbiol. 44 (3): 969–976.
Soil Survey Staff. 2014. Keys to Soil Taxonomy. Twelfth edition. Washington DC: NRCS-USDA;. p. 372.
Teasdale ME, Donovan KA, Forschner-Dancause SR and Rowley DC. 2011Gram-positive marine bacteria as a potential resource for the discovery of quorum sensing inhibitors. Mar. Biotechnol. 13:722–732.
Teather RM and Wood PJ. 1982. Use of Congo red-polysaccharide interactions in enumeration and characterization of cellulolytic bacteria from the bovine rumen,” Appl. & Environ. Microbiol. 43 (4): 777–780.
Thygesen A, Poulsen FW, Angelidaki I, Min B, and Bjerre AB. 2011. Electricity generation by microbial fuel cells fuelled with wheat straw hydrolysate. Biom. and Bioe. 35: 4732-4739.
Upadhyaya SK, Manandhar A, Mainali H, et al. 2012. Isolation and Characterization of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Termite. Rent. Sympos. Compen. 1:14-18.
Venkadesan D and Sumathi V. 2015. Screening of lactic acid bacteria for their antibacterial activity against milk borne pathogens. IJAR.1(11): 970-973.
Waghmare PR, Patil SM, Jadhav SL, Jeon BH, and Govindwar SP. 2018. Utilization of agricultural waste biomass by cellulolytic isolate Enterobacter sp. SUK-Bio. Agricult. and Natur. Resourc. 52: 399-406.
Yu X, Liu Y, Cui Y, et al. 2016. Measurement of filter paper activities of cellulose with microplate-based assay. Saud. J. Biolog. Sci. 23:93-98.
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