Density and diet of invasive alien anuran species in a disturbed landscape: A case in the University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Issue
Section
Articles
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Abstract. Jabon KJD, Gamalo LED, Responte MA, Abad RG, Gementiza GDC, Achondo MJMM. 2019. Density and diet of invasive alien anuran species in a disturbed landscape: A case in the University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines. Biodiversitas 20: 2554-2560. The population density and diet composition of three invasive alien anuran species (IAS) (Kaloula pulchra, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, and Rhinella marina), recorded from a disturbed landscape in the University of the Philippines Mindanao campus, were determined in this study. With the total area of 18 km2 covered, R. marina (3.89 ind/km2) showed to have the highest density followed by K. pulchra (0.83 ind/km2) then H. rugulosus (0.056 ind/km2). Furthermore, 20 samples of R. marina and 10 samples of K. pulchra were used for gut analysis in which all have stomach contents. Thirteen prey orders were identified in both species with different degrees of prey digestion. The Frequency of Occurrence (FOO) showed orders Spirobolida, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera were constantly occurring in R. marina while only Hymenoptera for K. pulchra. On the other hand, Degree of Food Preference showed similarities with Hymenoptera as the most preferred prey in both species, especially for K. pulchra (2.8) as compared to R. marina (1.8). Accidental occurrence and occasionally preferred food items such as organic and inorganic matter were also present in both species. A notable record of a skink (Reptilia, Scincidae) as prey item was found in R. marina, indicative of its generalist and carnivorous diet and its potential impact on the native vertebrate fauna in the area. This study proposes that the occurrence of IAS with regards to their high density and variable prey preferences can be a factor disturbing biological diversity in an altered landscape.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Alcala AC. 1986. Guide to Philippine Flora and Fauna. Vol. X, Amphibians and Reptiles. Natural Resource Management Center, Ministry of Natural Resources and the University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines.
Alcala AC, Brown WC. 1998. Philippine amphibians: An illustrated field guide. Bookmark.
Anderson AM, Haukos DA, Anderson JT. 1999. Diet composition of three anurans from the Playa Wetlands of Northwest Texas. Copeia, pp. 515-520.
Berry PY. 1964. The breeding patterns of seven species of Singapore anura. J. Anim. Eco. 33(2), 227-243.
Boettger, O., 1893. Drei neue Wasserfrösche (Rana) von den Philippinen. Zool. Anz. 16, 363–366.
Boice R, Williams RC. 1971. Competitive feeding behavior of Rana pipiens and Rana clami-tans. Anim. Behav. 19, 548-551.
Braga FMS. 1999. O grau de preferência alimentar: método qualitativo e quantitativo para o estudo do conteúdo estomacal de peixes. Acta. Sci. Maringá, 21, 291-295.
Braga RR, Bornatowski H, Vitule JR. 2012. Feeding ecology of fishes: an overview of worldwide publications. Rev. Fish. Biol. Fisher. 22, 915– 929.
Brown R, Diesmos AC, Sanguila MB, Siler CD, Diesmos MLD, Alcala AC. 2012. Amphibian Conservation in the Philippines. National Museum of the Philippines, pp. 40-43.
Browne RK. 2009. Amphibian diet and nutrition. Ark Science and Research. Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Belgium.
Bruton MN, Merron SV. 1985. Alien and translocatedro aquatic animals in Southern Africa: a general introduction checklist and bibliography S. Afr. Natl. Sci. Programmes Rep. 113, 1-71.
Cope ED. 1862. On some new and little known American Anura. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 14, 151–159.
Courant J, Vogt S, Marques R, Measey J, Secondi J, Rebelo R, De Villiers A, Ihlow F, De Busschere C, Backeljau T, Rödder D, Herrel A. 2017. Are invasive populations characterized by a broader diet than native populations?. PeerJ, 5, 32-50.
Diesmos AC, Brown RM, Alcala AC, Sison RV, Afuang LE, Gee GVA. 2002. Amphibians and Reptiles. In: Ong PS, Afuang LE, Rosell-Ambal RG. (eds.). Philippine Biodiversity and Action Plan. DENR-Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau, Conservation International Philippines, Biodiversity Conservation Program- University of the Philippines, Center for Integrative Development Studies, and the Foundation for the Philippine Environment, Quezon City.
Diesmos A, Diesmos M, Brown R. 2006. Status and Distribution of Alien Invasive Frogs in the Philippines. J. Environ. Sci. Manage. 9, 41-53.
Emerson SB. 1985. Skull shape in frogs: correlations with diet. Herpetologica. pp.177-188.
Evans M, Lampo M. 1996. Diet of Bufo marinus in Venezuela. Journal of Herpetology, 30(1), 73-76.
Gravenhorst JLC. 1829. Deliciae Musei Zoologici Vratislaviensis. Fasciculus primus. Chelonios et Batrachia. Leipzig: Leopold Voss.
Gray JE. 1831. Description of two new genera of frogs discovered by John Reeves, Esq. in China. Zool. Misc. 1, 38.
Google Maps. 2017. Google Maps. [online]. URL https://www.google.com/maps/place/University+of+the+Philippines,+Mindanao+Campus/@7.0857312,125.4841158,15z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0xe1cad0747134bec5?sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwisrZGc3NbiAhVBeXAKHbGMCDIQ_BIwEXoECAsQCA. (accessed 7.18.17).
Heyer WR, Donnelly MA, McDiarmid RW, Haek LAC, Foster MS. 1994. Measuring and monitoring biological diversity; Standard methods for amphibians. Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, D.C.
Hinkley AD. 1962. Diet of the giant toad, Bufo marinus (L.), in Fiji. Herpetologica. 18: 253-259
Houlahan JE, Findlay CS, Schmidt BR, Meyer AH, Kuzmin SL. 2000. Quantitative evidence for global amphibian population declines. Nature. 404, 752- 755.
Ibanez JC, Bastian S, Ates F, Delima EM, Abano T, Coronel J, Gomez R, Allado A, Bravo R, Montero J. 2004. Conservation of threatened vertebrates at Mount Sinaka, Mindanao. Gaynawaan, 1-17.
Isaacs P, Hoyos JM. 2010. Diet of the cane toad in different vegetation covers in the productive systems of the Colombian coffee region. S. Am. J. Herpetol. 5, 45-51.
IUCN. 2017. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species [WWW Document]. URL https://www.iucn.org/theme/species/our-work/amphibians (accessed 10.19.17).
Joshi RC. 2011. Invasive alien species (IAS): Concerns and status in the Philippines. Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice) Maligaya, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, 11, 1-23.
Kuangyang L, Zhigang Y, Haitao S, Baorong G, van Dijk PP, Iskandar D, Inger RF, Dutta S, Sengupta S, Uddin Sarker S, Asmat G. 2004. Kaloula pulchra. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. URL IUCN.2004:e.T57855A86163405.doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS. T57855A11694615.en. (accessed 1.9.18).
Lever C. 2001. The Cane Toad. The History and Ecology of a Successful Colonist. Westbury Academic and Scientific Publishing, Otley, West Yorkshire, England. pp. 230.
Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. 10th Edition. Volume 1. Stockholm, Sweden: L. Salvii.
Peralta A, Pagente, JMQ, Balaba KL. 2015. Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (East Asian Bullfrog) Philippines: Mindanao Island: Bukidnon Province: Valencia City, Barangay Batangan.
Sanguila MB, Cobb KA, Siler CD, Diesmos AC, Alcala AC, Brown RF. 2016. The amphibians and reptiles of Mindanao Island, southern Philippines, II: the herpetofauna of northeast Mindanao and adjacent islands. Zookeys. 624, 1–132.
Schlegel H. 1837. Abbildungen neuer oder unvollständig bekannter Amphibien, nach der Natur oder dem Leben entworfen, herausgegeben und mit einem erläuternden Texte begleitet. Part 1. Düsseldorf: Arnz & Co.
Shaw G. 1802. General Zoology or Systematic Natural History. Volume III, Part 1. Amphibia. London: Thomas Davison.
Smith MA. 1930, The Reptilia and Amphibia of the Malay Peninsula. Bull. Raffles Mus. 3, 96–97.
Solé M, Rödder D. 2010. Dietary assessments of adult amphibians. Amphibian ecology and conservation: a handbook of techniques. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 167-184.
Sparling DW, Linder G, Bishop CA. 2000. Ecotoxicology of amphibians and reptiles, Environmen. Toxicol, Pensacola: FL, Chem. pp. 904.
Stebbins RC, Cohen NW. 1995. A natural history of amphibians. Princeton University Press,
Sularte R, Boyles LZ, Calomot NH, Demetillo MT, Ombat LA, Ngilangil MCM, Binag GM. 2015. Species distribution and abundance of amphibians in two vegetation types of Agusan Marsh, Philippines. Division of Agusan del Sur - La Paz II District Office, Panagangan, La Paz, Agusan del Sur, 7.
Sy EY. 2013. Geographic Distribution: Kaloula pulchra, first record on Mindanao Island, Philippines, Herpetol. Rev., Philippine Center for Terrestrial and Aquatic Research, 44, pp. 621.
Toft CA. 1981. Feeding ecology of Panamanian litter anurans: patterns in diet and foraging mode. J. Herpetol. pp. 139-144.
Tschudi JJ von., 1838. Classification der Batrachier mit Berücksichtigung der fossilen Thiere dieser Abtheilung der Reptilien. Neuchâtel: Petitpierre.
Whitaker JO, Rubin D, Munsee AR. 1977. Observations on food habits of four species of spa-defoot toads, genus Scaphiopus. Herpetologica. 33, 468-475.
Wiegmann AFA. 1834. Amphibien. Meyen, F.J.F. ed., Reise um die Erde ausfeführt auf dem Königlich Preussischen Seehandlungs-Schiffe Prinzes Louise, comandiert von Captain W. Wendt, in den Jahren 1830, 1831 und 1832 von Dr. F. J. F. Meyen. Dritter. Theil. Zool. Bericht. pp. 433–522.
Ynot CPA, Tan SN, Lim NK, Baron EM, Mohagan AB. 2017. Diet of Cane Toads (Rhinella marina) collected from areas adjacent to human dwellings in Davao City, Philippines. Imp. J. Interdiscip. Res. 3(11).
Zug GR, Zug PB. 1979. The marine toad, Bufo marinus: a natural history resume of native populations. Smithsonian Contr. Zool.
Alcala AC, Brown WC. 1998. Philippine amphibians: An illustrated field guide. Bookmark.
Anderson AM, Haukos DA, Anderson JT. 1999. Diet composition of three anurans from the Playa Wetlands of Northwest Texas. Copeia, pp. 515-520.
Berry PY. 1964. The breeding patterns of seven species of Singapore anura. J. Anim. Eco. 33(2), 227-243.
Boettger, O., 1893. Drei neue Wasserfrösche (Rana) von den Philippinen. Zool. Anz. 16, 363–366.
Boice R, Williams RC. 1971. Competitive feeding behavior of Rana pipiens and Rana clami-tans. Anim. Behav. 19, 548-551.
Braga FMS. 1999. O grau de preferência alimentar: método qualitativo e quantitativo para o estudo do conteúdo estomacal de peixes. Acta. Sci. Maringá, 21, 291-295.
Braga RR, Bornatowski H, Vitule JR. 2012. Feeding ecology of fishes: an overview of worldwide publications. Rev. Fish. Biol. Fisher. 22, 915– 929.
Brown R, Diesmos AC, Sanguila MB, Siler CD, Diesmos MLD, Alcala AC. 2012. Amphibian Conservation in the Philippines. National Museum of the Philippines, pp. 40-43.
Browne RK. 2009. Amphibian diet and nutrition. Ark Science and Research. Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Belgium.
Bruton MN, Merron SV. 1985. Alien and translocatedro aquatic animals in Southern Africa: a general introduction checklist and bibliography S. Afr. Natl. Sci. Programmes Rep. 113, 1-71.
Cope ED. 1862. On some new and little known American Anura. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 14, 151–159.
Courant J, Vogt S, Marques R, Measey J, Secondi J, Rebelo R, De Villiers A, Ihlow F, De Busschere C, Backeljau T, Rödder D, Herrel A. 2017. Are invasive populations characterized by a broader diet than native populations?. PeerJ, 5, 32-50.
Diesmos AC, Brown RM, Alcala AC, Sison RV, Afuang LE, Gee GVA. 2002. Amphibians and Reptiles. In: Ong PS, Afuang LE, Rosell-Ambal RG. (eds.). Philippine Biodiversity and Action Plan. DENR-Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau, Conservation International Philippines, Biodiversity Conservation Program- University of the Philippines, Center for Integrative Development Studies, and the Foundation for the Philippine Environment, Quezon City.
Diesmos A, Diesmos M, Brown R. 2006. Status and Distribution of Alien Invasive Frogs in the Philippines. J. Environ. Sci. Manage. 9, 41-53.
Emerson SB. 1985. Skull shape in frogs: correlations with diet. Herpetologica. pp.177-188.
Evans M, Lampo M. 1996. Diet of Bufo marinus in Venezuela. Journal of Herpetology, 30(1), 73-76.
Gravenhorst JLC. 1829. Deliciae Musei Zoologici Vratislaviensis. Fasciculus primus. Chelonios et Batrachia. Leipzig: Leopold Voss.
Gray JE. 1831. Description of two new genera of frogs discovered by John Reeves, Esq. in China. Zool. Misc. 1, 38.
Google Maps. 2017. Google Maps. [online]. URL https://www.google.com/maps/place/University+of+the+Philippines,+Mindanao+Campus/@7.0857312,125.4841158,15z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0xe1cad0747134bec5?sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwisrZGc3NbiAhVBeXAKHbGMCDIQ_BIwEXoECAsQCA. (accessed 7.18.17).
Heyer WR, Donnelly MA, McDiarmid RW, Haek LAC, Foster MS. 1994. Measuring and monitoring biological diversity; Standard methods for amphibians. Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, D.C.
Hinkley AD. 1962. Diet of the giant toad, Bufo marinus (L.), in Fiji. Herpetologica. 18: 253-259
Houlahan JE, Findlay CS, Schmidt BR, Meyer AH, Kuzmin SL. 2000. Quantitative evidence for global amphibian population declines. Nature. 404, 752- 755.
Ibanez JC, Bastian S, Ates F, Delima EM, Abano T, Coronel J, Gomez R, Allado A, Bravo R, Montero J. 2004. Conservation of threatened vertebrates at Mount Sinaka, Mindanao. Gaynawaan, 1-17.
Isaacs P, Hoyos JM. 2010. Diet of the cane toad in different vegetation covers in the productive systems of the Colombian coffee region. S. Am. J. Herpetol. 5, 45-51.
IUCN. 2017. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species [WWW Document]. URL https://www.iucn.org/theme/species/our-work/amphibians (accessed 10.19.17).
Joshi RC. 2011. Invasive alien species (IAS): Concerns and status in the Philippines. Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice) Maligaya, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, 11, 1-23.
Kuangyang L, Zhigang Y, Haitao S, Baorong G, van Dijk PP, Iskandar D, Inger RF, Dutta S, Sengupta S, Uddin Sarker S, Asmat G. 2004. Kaloula pulchra. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. URL IUCN.2004:e.T57855A86163405.doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS. T57855A11694615.en. (accessed 1.9.18).
Lever C. 2001. The Cane Toad. The History and Ecology of a Successful Colonist. Westbury Academic and Scientific Publishing, Otley, West Yorkshire, England. pp. 230.
Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. 10th Edition. Volume 1. Stockholm, Sweden: L. Salvii.
Peralta A, Pagente, JMQ, Balaba KL. 2015. Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (East Asian Bullfrog) Philippines: Mindanao Island: Bukidnon Province: Valencia City, Barangay Batangan.
Sanguila MB, Cobb KA, Siler CD, Diesmos AC, Alcala AC, Brown RF. 2016. The amphibians and reptiles of Mindanao Island, southern Philippines, II: the herpetofauna of northeast Mindanao and adjacent islands. Zookeys. 624, 1–132.
Schlegel H. 1837. Abbildungen neuer oder unvollständig bekannter Amphibien, nach der Natur oder dem Leben entworfen, herausgegeben und mit einem erläuternden Texte begleitet. Part 1. Düsseldorf: Arnz & Co.
Shaw G. 1802. General Zoology or Systematic Natural History. Volume III, Part 1. Amphibia. London: Thomas Davison.
Smith MA. 1930, The Reptilia and Amphibia of the Malay Peninsula. Bull. Raffles Mus. 3, 96–97.
Solé M, Rödder D. 2010. Dietary assessments of adult amphibians. Amphibian ecology and conservation: a handbook of techniques. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 167-184.
Sparling DW, Linder G, Bishop CA. 2000. Ecotoxicology of amphibians and reptiles, Environmen. Toxicol, Pensacola: FL, Chem. pp. 904.
Stebbins RC, Cohen NW. 1995. A natural history of amphibians. Princeton University Press,
Sularte R, Boyles LZ, Calomot NH, Demetillo MT, Ombat LA, Ngilangil MCM, Binag GM. 2015. Species distribution and abundance of amphibians in two vegetation types of Agusan Marsh, Philippines. Division of Agusan del Sur - La Paz II District Office, Panagangan, La Paz, Agusan del Sur, 7.
Sy EY. 2013. Geographic Distribution: Kaloula pulchra, first record on Mindanao Island, Philippines, Herpetol. Rev., Philippine Center for Terrestrial and Aquatic Research, 44, pp. 621.
Toft CA. 1981. Feeding ecology of Panamanian litter anurans: patterns in diet and foraging mode. J. Herpetol. pp. 139-144.
Tschudi JJ von., 1838. Classification der Batrachier mit Berücksichtigung der fossilen Thiere dieser Abtheilung der Reptilien. Neuchâtel: Petitpierre.
Whitaker JO, Rubin D, Munsee AR. 1977. Observations on food habits of four species of spa-defoot toads, genus Scaphiopus. Herpetologica. 33, 468-475.
Wiegmann AFA. 1834. Amphibien. Meyen, F.J.F. ed., Reise um die Erde ausfeführt auf dem Königlich Preussischen Seehandlungs-Schiffe Prinzes Louise, comandiert von Captain W. Wendt, in den Jahren 1830, 1831 und 1832 von Dr. F. J. F. Meyen. Dritter. Theil. Zool. Bericht. pp. 433–522.
Ynot CPA, Tan SN, Lim NK, Baron EM, Mohagan AB. 2017. Diet of Cane Toads (Rhinella marina) collected from areas adjacent to human dwellings in Davao City, Philippines. Imp. J. Interdiscip. Res. 3(11).
Zug GR, Zug PB. 1979. The marine toad, Bufo marinus: a natural history resume of native populations. Smithsonian Contr. Zool.