Analyses of ecosystem productivity using field measurement and remote sensing, and microalgae diversity at Mayangan and Sendang Biru Beaches, East Java, Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Abstract Views: 378
File Views: 94
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract. Zakiyah U, Santoso ASKT, Pramudia Z, Irawandani TD, Erintika D. 2025. Analyses of ecosystem productivity using field measurement and remote sensing, and microalgae diversity at Mayangan and Sendang Biru Beaches, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 1777-1788. This study evaluates ecosystem productivity and microalgae biodiversity at Mayangan Beach and Sendang Biru Beach, East Java, Indonesia using chlorophyll-a as an indicator, as it functions as an active metabolic component in the photosynthesis process of microalgae, the primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. By integrating in-situ measurements and remote sensing via Sentinel-2 Imagery, the study assesses water quality, microalgae composition, and biodiversity indices, which mutually influence trophic balance and food chain efficiency. The abundance of microalgae reflects nutrient availability and environmental conditions, determining primary productivity and aquatic ecosystem health. Results indicate that Mayangan Beach exhibits higher chlorophyll-a concentrations due to nutrient-rich runoff, while Sendang Biru Beach maintains more stable but oligotrophic conditions. Chlorophyll-a, as a primary photosynthetic pigment, is essential for analyzing ecosystem productivity as it directly correlates with microalgae abundance. Bacillariophyta is the dominant microalgae group in both waters, highlighting its ecological role in aquatic productivity. These findings underscore the importance of integrating remote sensing with field data for effective coastal monitoring. Additionally, the study emphasizes how environmental factors such as nutrient input and hydrodynamics influence ecosystem productivity. The results provide insights for sustainable coastal management and demonstrate the potential of remote sensing technology in assessing marine ecosystem health.
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Anitasari S, Arfiati D, Susilo, Marhendra APW. 2024. Feeding habits of Gobiopterus brachypterus (Gobiiformes: Oxudercidae) in Ranu Grati Lake, East Java, Indonesia and their relationship with food availability. Biodiversitas 25 (9): 2925-2936. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250912.
Annisa K, Sutarno, Santosa S. 2021. Azolla microphylla and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for bioremediation of bioethanol wastewater. Biodiversitas 22 (4): 1799-1805. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220425.
Asensio-Montesinos F, Molina R, Anfuso G, Manno G, Lo Re C. 2024. Natural and human impacts on coastal areas. J Mar Sci Eng 12 (11): 2017. DOI: 10.3390/jmse12112017.
Bian H, Guo X, Xu Y, Hu Y. 2022. Effects of cold-surge-induced nearshore seawater icing on the eukaryotic microalgal community in Aoshan Bay, Qingdao. Microorganisms 11 (1): 108. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010108.
Binh NA, Hoa PV, Thao GTP, Duan HD, Thu PM. 2022. Evaluation of chlorophyll-a estimation using Sentinel 3 based on various algorithms in southern coastal Vietnam. Intl J Appl Earth Observ Geoinform 112: 102951. DOI: 10.1016/j.jag.2022.102951.
Bostanci IS, Akkaya EK. 2025. Investigating the impacts of a recirculation sedimentation application on microalgae biomass cultivation in wastewater treatment. Intl J Phytoremediation 27 (1): 96-107. DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2401967.
Boyd C, Torrans E, Tucker C. 2017. Dissolved oxygen and aeration in ictalurid catfish aquaculture. J World Aquac Soc 49 (1): 7-70. DOI: 10.1111/jwas.12469.
Cahyo AN, Murti RH, Putra ETS, Nuringtyas TR, Fabre D, Montoro P. 2021. Assessment of factual measurement times for chlorophyll-a fluorescence in rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) clones. Biodiversitas 22 (6): 3470-3477. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220656.
Chan WY, Oakeshott JG, Buerger P, Edwards OR, van Oppen MJH. 2021. Adaptive responses of free?living and symbiotic microalgae to simulated future ocean conditions. Glob Change Biol 27 (9): 1737-1754. DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15546.
Chen H, Li K, Xue C, Wang Q. 2021. A novel method for non-invasive estimation of primary productivity in aquatic ecosystems using a chlorophyll fluorescence-induced dynamic curve. Front Microbiol 12: 682250. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.682250.
Chiu S-Y, Kao C-Y, Chen T-Y, Chang Y-B, Kuo C-M, Lin C-S. 2015. Cultivation of microalgal Chlorella for biomass and lipid production using wastewater as nutrient resource. Bioresour Technol 184: 179-189. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.080.
Cordeiro MCR, Martinez J-M, Peña-Luque S. 2021. Automatic water detection from multidimensional hierarchical clustering for Sentinel-2 images and a comparison with Level 2A processors. Remote Sens Environ 253: 112209. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2020.112209.
Fauziah A, Bengen DG, Kawaroe M, Effendi H, Krisanti M. 2019. Spatio-temporal distribution of microalgae producing chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments in Bali Strait, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20 (1): 61-67. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200108.
Gatinel D, Debellemanière G, Saad A, Rampat R, Wallerstein A, Gauvin M, Malet J. 2024. A new method to minimize the standard deviation and root mean square of the prediction error of single-optimized IOL power formulas. Transl Vis Sci Technol 13: 2. DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.6.2.
González-González LM, de?Bashan LE. 2021. Toward the enhancement of microalgal metabolite production through microalgae-bacteria consortia. Biology 10 (4): 282. DOI: 10.3390/biology10040282.
Government of the Republic of Indonesia. 2021. Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021 on the Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management. State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Year 2021 No. 23, Jakarta. [Indonesian]
Halpern BS, Frazier M, Afflerbach J, O’Hara C, Katona S, Lowndes JSS, Jiang N, Pacheco E, Scarborough C, Polsenberg J. 2017. Drivers and implications of change in global ocean health over the past five years. PLoS One 12 (7): e0178267. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178267.
Hidayati D, Saptarini D, Wirawan ET, Mulyadi Y, Syahroni N. 2024. The community structure of plankton at floating net cages aquaculture area in Sendang Biru Water Indonesia. Bio Web Conf 89: 12003. DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20248912003.
Hillebrand H, Blasius B, Borer ET, Chase JM, Downing JA, Eriksson BK, Filstrup CT, Harpole WS, Hodapp D, Larsen S, Lewandowska AM, Seabloom EW, de Waal DBV, Ryabov AB. 2018. Biodiversity change is uncoupled from species richness trends: Consequences for conservation and monitoring. J Appl Ecol 55 (1): 169-184. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12959.
Ichii T, Nishikawa H, Mahapatra K, Okamura H, Igarashi H, Sakai M, Suyama S, Nakagami M, Naya M, Usui N, Okada Y. 2018. Oceanographic factors affecting interannual recruitment variability of pacific saury (Cololabis saira) in the central and western north Pacific. Fish Oceanogr 27 (5): 445-457. DOI: 10.1111/fog.12265.
Isdianto A, Ariefandi MF, Asadi MA, Yamindago A, Setyawan FO, Bintoro G, Setyanto A, Lelono TD, Tumulyadi A, Adhihapsari W, Setyoningrum D, Fathah AL, Putri BM, Supriyadi, Luthfi OM. 2024. Community structure and biomass of reef fish concerning coral cover in Sempu Strait, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25 (8): 3376-3385. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250808.
Isroni W, Pramudia Z, Bahri AS, Risqiana MA, Maulida N, Irawandani TD. 2023. Comparative study of the application fish apartments in Situbondo and Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24 (7): 4034-4045. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240741.
Jannah N, Pharmawati M, Uslan. 2022. Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida from Kupang based on ISSR profiles, stomatal density, and chlorophyll content. Biodiversitas 23 (5): 2690-2698. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230553.
Kaur S, Reddersen B. 2022. Algae based solutions for polluted environments to restore ecosphere equilibrium. Intl J Environ Pollut Remed 10: 9-18. DOI: 10.11159/ijepr.2022.002.
Khastini RO, Sari IJ, Herysca Y, Sulasanah S. 2019. Lichen diversity as indicators for monitoring ecosystem health in Rawa Danau Nature Reserve, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20 (2): 489-496. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200227.
Kong W, Kong J, Feng S, Yang T, Xu L, Shen B, Bi Y, Lyu H. 2024. Cultivation of microalgae-bacteria consortium by waste gas-waste water to achieve CO2 fixation, wastewater purification and bioproducts production. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod 17 (1): 26. DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02409-w.
Kruk M, Jaworska B, Jab?o?ska-Barna I, Rychter A. 2016. Short Communication: How do differences in the nutritional and hydrological background influence phytoplankton in the Vistula Lagoon during a hot summer day?. Oceanologia 58 (4): 341-352. DOI: 10.1016/j.oceano.2016.05.004.
Kurnianto AS, Dewi N, Sulistyowati H, Siddiq AM, Ratnasari T, Khowatini H, Yulianto R, Firdaus AS. 2025. Sustaining biodiversity and ecological roles in a Heritage Landscape: The role of coffee agroforestry in Kluncing, Indonesia. Hayati J Biosci 32 (2): 459-471. DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.2.459-471.
Lafarga T, Pieroni C, D’Imporzano G, Maggioni L, Adani F, Acién G. 2021. Consumer attitudes towards microalgae production and microalgae-based agricultural products: The cases of Almería (Spain) and Livorno (Italy). ChemEngineering 5 (2): 27. DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering5020027.
Li S, Song K, Wang S, Liu G, Wen Z, Shang Y, Lyu L, Chen F, Xu S, Tao H, Du Y, Fang C, Mu G. 2021. Quantification of chlorophyll-a in typical lakes across China using Sentinel-2 MSI imagery with machine learning algorithm. Sci Total Environ 778: 146271. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146271.
Litchman E, de Tezanos Pinto P, Edwards KF, Klausmeier CA, Kremer CT, Thomas MK. 2015. Global biogeochemical impacts of phytoplankton: A trait?based perspective. J Ecol 103 (6): 1384-1396. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12438.
Mahmudi M, Arsad S, Musa M, Lusiana ED, Buwono NR, Forest A, Hutabarat EP, Siregar MA, Elradinan NS, Fatimah S, Hidayat VL, Agessi YAP. 2025. Relationship between habitat characteristics and microalgae community on the coastal area of Malang Regency, Indonesia. Ecol Eng Environ Technol 26 (2): 86-95. DOI: 10.12912/27197050/196661.
Marwa T, Muizzuddin, Bashir A, Andaiyani S, Cahyadi A. 2024. Determinants of the blue economy growth in the era of sustainability: A case study of Indonesia. Economies 12 (11): 299. DOI: 10.3390/economies12110299.
McGinn PJ, Dickinson KE, Bhatti S, Frigon J-C, Guiot SR, O'Leary SJB. 2011. Integration of microalgae cultivation with industrial waste remediation for biofuel and bioenergy production: Opportunities and limitations. Photosynth Res 109: 231-247. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-011-9638-0.
Mohd-Din M, Hii KS, Kassim NS, Mohd Azmi NF, Baharudin SN, Gu H, Leaw CP, Lim PT. 2025. Diversity and distribution of micro-phytoplankton and harmful microalgae along the Malaysian coasts of Malacca Strait and South China Sea. Reg Stud Mar Sci 81: 103947. DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103947.
Morales M, Sánchez L, Revah S. 2018. The impact of environmental factors on carbon dioxide fixation by microalgae. FEMS Microbiol Lett 365 (3): 10.1093/femsle/fnx262. DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx262.
Otsuka AY, do Nascimento Feitosa FA, de Jesus Flores Montes M, da Silva AC. 2018. Influence of fluvial discharge on the dynamics of chlorophyll-? in the continental shelf adjacent to the Recife Port Basin (Pernambuco-Brazil). Braz J Oceanogr 66 (1): 91-103. DOI: 10.1590/S1679-87592018149106601.
Paiki K, Kalor JD. 2017. Distribution of nitrate and phosphate and their relationship to phytoplankton abundance in the Eastern Yapen coastal waters. J Fish Mar Sci 1 (2): 65-71. [Indonesian]
Pan-Utai W, Srinophakun P, Inrung W. 2019. Nutrients formulation to maximize Ankistrodesmus sp. microalgal cell biomass and lipid productivities. J Biol Res 92: 8547. DOI: 10.4081/jbr.2019.8547.
Putri ADR, Sartimbul A, Yuniarti A. 2023. Plankton community composition and water quality in Gili Ketapang, Probolinggo Regency, East Java. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 9 (11): 9290-9299. DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v9i11.5516.
Rose TH, Tweedley JR, Warwick RM, Potter IC. 2019. Zooplankton dynamics in a highly eutrophic microtidal estuary. Mar Pollut Bull 142: 433-451. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.047.
Roziaty E, Sutarno, Suntoro, Sugiyarto. 2023. Short Communication: The effects of SO2 and NO2 fumigation on the chlorophyll of Parmotrema perlatum from Mt. Lawu, Cemoro Sewu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24 (5): 2630-2637. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240515.
Rumpa A, Najamuddin N, Safruddin S, Hajar MAI. 2022. Fish behavior based on the effect of variations in oceanographic condition variations in fads area of Bone Bay Waters, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23 (4): 1875-1883. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230421.
Sathyendranath S, Brewin RJW, Brockmann C et al. 2019. An ocean-colour time series for use in climate studies: The experience of the Ocean-Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI). Sensors 19 (19): 4285. DOI: 10.3390/s19194285.
Shi X, Gu L, Jiang T, Zheng X, Dong W, Tao Z. 2022. Retrieval of chlorophyll-a concentrations using Sentinel-2 MSI Imagery in Lake Chagan based on assessments with machine learning models. Remote Sens 14 (19): 4924. DOI: 10.3390/rs14194924.
Steinrücken P, Jackson S, Müller O, Puntervoll P, Kleinegris DMM. 2023. A closer look into the microbiome of microalgal cultures. Front Microbiol 14: 1108018. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1108018.
Sumantra IGE, Suteja Y, Putra ING. 2020. Fluctuations of nitrate and phosphate during a tidal cycle in Lombok Strait. J Mar Aquat Sci 6 (2): 231-237. DOI: 10.24843/jmas.2020.v06.i02.p10. [Indonesian]
Tambaru R, Burhanuddin AI, Massinai A, Amran MA. 2021. Detection of marinemicroalgae (phytoplankton) quality to support seafood health: A case study on the westcoast of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22 (11): 5179-5186. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221156.
Toming K, Kutser T, Laas A, Sepp M, Paavel B, Nõges T. 2016. First experiences in mapping lake water quality parameters with Sentinel-2 MSI Imagery. Remote Sens 8 (8): 640. DOI: 10.3390/rs8080640.
Vadiveloo A, Foster L, Kwambai C, Bahri PA, Moheimani NR. 2021. Microalgae cultivation for the treatment of Anaerobically Digested Municipal Centrate (ADMC) and Anaerobically Digested Abattoir Effluent (ADAE). Sci Total Environ 775: 145853. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145853.
Wijaya A, Zakiyah U, Sambah AB, Setyohadi D. 2020. Spatio-temporal variability of temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration of sea surface in Bali Strait, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21 (11): 5283-5290. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211132.
Wu W, Xu Z, Dai M, Gan J, Liu H. 2020. Homogeneous selection shapes free?living and particle?associated bacterial communities in subtropical coastal waters. Divers Distrib 27: 1904-1917. DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13193.
Zakiyah U, Mulyanto, Suwanti LT, Koerniawan MD, Suyono EA, Budiman A, Siregar UJ. 2020. Diversity and distribution of microalgae in coastal areas of East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21 (3): 1149-1159. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210340.
Zakiyah U, Rohani GA, Darmawan A. 2019. Spatial distribution of chlorophyll-a in coastal waters of Tulungagung Regency, East Java, using remote sensing technology. J Fish Mar Res 3 (3): 315-321. [Indonesian]
Zerveas S, Mente MS, Tsakiri D, Kotzabasis K. 2021. Microalgal photosynthesis induces alkalization of aquatic environment as a result of H+ uptake independently from CO2 concentration - New perspectives for environmental applications. J Environ Manag 289: 112546. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112546.
Zhang J, Yang H, Sun Y, Yan B, Chen W, Fan D. 2024. The potential use of microalgae for nutrient supply and health enhancement in isolated and confined environments. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 23 (4): e13418. DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13418.
Zhao D, Luo Q, Qiu Z. 2024. Chromaticity-based discrimination of algal bloom from inland and coastal waters using in situ hyperspectral remote sensing reflectance. Water 16: 2276. DOI: 10.3390/w16162276.