Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida from Kupang based on ISSR profiles, stomatal density, and chlorophyll content

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

PDF
DOI https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230553
Issue
Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Section
Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

NUR JANNAH
Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kupang. Jl. KH. Ahmad Dahlan No. 17, Kupang City 85111, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
MADE PHARMAWATI
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Udayana. Jl. Raya Kampus Unud, Bukit Jimbaran, Badung 80361, Bali, Indonesia
USLAN ♥
Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kupang. Jl. KH. Ahmad Dahlan No. 17, Kupang City 85111, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Abstract


Abstract. Jannah N, Pharmawati M, Uslan. 2022. Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida from Kupang based on ISSR profiles, stomatal density, and chlorophyll content. Biodiversitas 23: 2690-2698. This study investigated the genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.or faloak based on Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) molecular markers and determined stomatal density and chlorophyll content from several localities in Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. For genetic diversity analysis, samples were collected from the Oelsonbai forest area of Maulafa Sub-district, Kupang City, whereas for stomatal density and chlorophyll content analysis, samples were collected from areas with various degrees of anthropogenic activity from Kupang city. DNA was isolated using Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method and amplified by three ISSR primers (UBC 811, UBC 812, and UBC 815), whereas stomatal density was observed using a microscope and chlorophyll content was determined using a spectrophotometer. Genetic data were analyzed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method and Nei & Li coefficient similarity in the MVSP software. A total of 78 ISSR bands ranging from 320-3200 bp were obtained, where populations were divided into four main clusters and six sub-clusters, similarly having moderate heterozygosity (He=0.50) not clustered based on their geographical distribution. There was a difference in stomatal density and chlorophyll content, probably influenced by anthropogenic disturbances. A conservation action plan is required to ensure the S. quadrifida's survival in the future.


##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

References
Augstein F, Carlsbecker A. 2018. Getting to the roots: A developmental genetic view of root anatomy and function from Arabidopsis to lycophytes. Front. Plant Sci. 9: 1410.
Barthlott W, Wiersch S, ?oli? Z, Koch K. 2009. Classification of trichome types within species of the water fern Salvinia, and ontogeny of the egg-beater trichomes. Botany. 87(9): 830-836.
BPS NTT [Badan Pusat Satistik Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur]. 2015. Nusa Tenggara Timur Dalam Angka 2016. BPS NTT, Kupang. [Indonesian]
Carvalho YGS, Luciana CV, Ueric JBS, Layara AB. 2019. Recent trends in research on the genetic diversity of plants: Implications for conservation. Diversity. 11(62): 1-21.
Das CH, Balamohan TN, Poornima K, Bergh IVD. 2018. Evaluation of genetic diversity in some banana hybrids using ISSR Markers. Intl. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 7(1): 146-157.
Dean M, Handajani R, Khotib J. 2019. Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R. Br) stem bark extract inhibits hepatitis C virus JFH1. Orient. J. Chem. 35(1): 430-435.
Dillak HI, Kristiani EBE, Kasmiyati S. 2019. Secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida). Biosaintifika. 11(3): 296-303.
Doyle JJ, Doyle JL. 1987. A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochem. Bull. 19:11–15.
Dunn J, Hunt L, Afsharinafar M, Meselmani MA, Mitchell A, Howells R, Wallington E, Fleming AJ, Gray JE. 2019. Reduced stomatal density in bread wheat leads to increased water-use efficiency. J. Exp. Bot. 70(18): 4737-4748.
Govindaraj M, Vetriventhan M, Srinivasan M. 2015. Importance of genetic diversity assessment in crop plants and its recent advances: An overview of its analytical perspectives. Gen. Res. Intl. 431487: 1-14.
Graebner RC, Hayes PM, Hagerty CH, Cuesta-Marcos A. 2016. A comparison of polymorphism information content and mean of transformed kinships as criteria for selecting informative subsets of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. s. l.) from the USDA Barley Core Collection. Genet. Resour. Crop. Evol. 63: 477-482.
Gunarno. 2014. Pengaruh pencemaran udara terhadap luas daun dan jumlah stomata daun Rhoeo discolor. http://sumut.kemenang.go.id/. [Indonesian]
Hahn CZ, Michalski SG, Fischer M, Durka W. 2017. Genetic diversity and differentiation follow secondary succession in a multi-species study on woody plants from subtropical China. J. Plant. Ecol. 10(1): 213-221.
Hapsari L, Wahyudi D, Azrianingsih R, Arumingtyas EL. 2015. Genome identification of bananas (Musa spp.) from East Java assessed with PCR-RFLP of the Internal Transcribed Spacer ribosomal DNA. Intl. J. Biosci. 7(3): 42-52.
Hermenegildo PDS, Guimarães LMS, Badel JL, Marques AS, Alfenas AC, Velloso-Ferreira MA. 2021. Improved evaluation of the genetic variability of Brazilian strains of Erwinia psidii with newly developed microsatellite markers. Plant Pathol. 70(4): 922-931.
Hertiani T, Purwantiningsih, Aji W, Widyandani S, Rima M, Erna PS, Retno M, Siswadi. 2019. In vitro immunomodulatory and cytotoxic potentials of faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) bark. Online J. Biol. Sci. 19(4): 222-231.
Jiménez A, Mansour H, Keller B, Conti E. 2014. Low genetic diversity and high levels of inbreeding in the Sinai primrose (Primula boveana), a species on the brink of extinction. Plant Syst. Evol. 300(5): 1199-1208.
Kiran U, Moahnty SK, Roy PS, Behera L, Chand PK. 2015. Genetic diversity among banana cultivars from Odisha using RAPD markers. Sci. Res. Rep. 5(2): 118-124.
Li P, Zhan X, Que Q, Qu W, Liu M, Ouyang K, Li J, Deng X, Zhang J, Liao B, Pian R, Chen X. 2015. Genetic diversity and population structure of Toona ciliata Roem. based on sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Forests. 6(4): 1094-1106.
Louwaars NP. 2018. Plant breeding and diversity: A troubled relationship?. Euphytica. 214: 114.
Nikmah IA, Azrianingsih R, Wahyudi D. 2016. Genetic diversity of Porang populations (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) in Central Java and West Java based on LEAFY second intron marker. J. Trop. Life. Sci. 6(1): 23-27.
Nurdianawati S,Wicaksana N, Anas. 2016. Analisis kesesuaian marka SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) untuk identifikasi keragaman genetik pada kacang Bambara asal Jawa Barat. Jurnal Agrikultura. 27(2): 120-123. [Indonesian]
Nurhayati M, Linda R. 2016. Struktur anatomi akar, batang dan daun Anthurium plowmanii Croat., Anthurium hookeri Kunth. dan Anthurium plowmanii × Anthurium hookeri. Jurnal Protobiont. 5(1): 24-29. [Indonesian]
Papungan N, Nurhasanah, Djurumudi M. 2014. Jumlah dan distribusi stomata pada tanaman penghijauan di Kota Ternate. Jurnal Bioedukasi. 1(3): 287-292.
Pharmawati, M. 2009. Marka molekuler berbasis DNA untuk penentuan hubungan kekerabatan tanaman. In: Wirawan IG, Supartana P, Juliasih SM (eds) Perkembangan Bioteknologi di Universitas Udayana. Udayana University Press, Udayana. [Indonesian]
Pharmawati M, Yan G, McFarlane IJ. 2004. Application of RAPD and ISSR marker to analyse molecular relationship in Grevillea (Proteace). Aust. Syst. Bot. 17: 49-61.
Plenk K, Bardy K, Höhn M, Kropf M. 2019. Long?term survival and successful conservation? Low genetic diversity but no evidence for reduced reproductive success at the north?westernmost range edge of Poa badensis (Poaceae) in Central Europe. Biodiv. Conserv. 28: 1245- 1265.
Poerba YS, Martanti D, Ahmad F. 2018. Genetic variation of wild Musa acuminata Colla from Indonesia based on RAPD and ISSR markers. Biotropia. 26(2): 1-18.
Probojati RT, Wahyudi D, Hapsari L. 2019. Clustering analysis and genome inference of Pisang Raja local cultivars (Musa spp.) from Java island by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD) marker. J. Trop. Biodiv. Biotechnol. 4(2): 42 -53.
Raharja RA. 2016. Studi kadar klorofil dan kerapatan stomata mahoni (Swietenia marcophylla King) pada beberapa lokasi di medan. [Dissertation]. Fakultas of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatra Utara, Medan. [Indonesian]
Retno RS. 2015. Identifikasi tipe stomata pada daun tumbuhan Xerofit (Euphorbia splendens), Hidrofit (Ipomea aquatica), dan Mesofit (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis). Florea. 2(2): 28-32. [Indonesian]
Saragih GS, Siswadi S. 2019. Antioxidant activity of plant parts extracts from Sterculia quadrifida R.Br. Asian J. Pharmaceut. Clin. Res. 12(7): 143-148.
Selly J. 2015. Pengaruh ekstrak Faloak (sterculia quadrifida R. br.) terhadap kandungan radikal bebas pada organ ikan nila (Oreochromis nilaticus) yang tercemar logam berat dengan pengukuran ESR. [Dissertation]. Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. [Indonesian]
Silva ADL, Alves MVDS, Coan AI. 2014. Importance of anatomical leaf features for characterization of three species of Mapania (Mapanioideae, Cyperaceae) from the Amazon Forest, Brazil. Acta Amazon. 44(4): 447-456.
Siswadi, Grace SS, Heny R. 2013. Potential distributions and utilization of Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br. 1844) on Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara. In: Langi M, Tasirin JS, Walangitan HJ, Masson G (eds) International Conference on Forest and Biodiversity. Balai Penelitian Kehutanan Kupang Press, Kupang, 5 July 2013. [Indonesian]
Spinedi N, Rojas N, Storb R, Cabrera J, Aranda E, Salierno M, Svriz M, Scervino JM. 2019. Exploring the response of Marchantia polymorpha: Growth, morphology and chlorophyll content in the presence of anthracene. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 135: 570-574.
Sukhumsirichart W. 2018. Polymorphisms. In: Yamin L (ed) Genetic diversity and disease susceptibility. IntechOpen, Arizona.
Tanaka A, Tanaka R. 2006. Chlorophyll metabolism. Curr. Opin. 9(3): 248-255.
Tenda PE, Hilaria M, Ramadani AP. 2021. Antiplasmodial activity of faloak bark (Sterculia quadrifida, R. Br.) extract from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy. 2(2).
Uslan, Asmiati, Lestari N. 2020. Diversity and clustering analysis of Sterculia quadrifida R. Br from Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia based on morphological and anatomical characters. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 456(1): 012069.
Uslan U, Pharmawati M. 2020. Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida in Kupang, Indonesia based on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers. Biodiversitas. 21(7): 3407-3414.
Uslan. 2015. Analisis keragaman genetik tumbuhan Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br) yang tumbuh di Kota dan Kabupaten Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur berdasarkan penanda RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). [Dissertation]. Postgraduate Program of Universitas Udayana, Denpasar. [Indonesian]
Wahyudi D, Hapsari L, Sundari. 2020a. RAPD analysis for genetic variability detection of mutant soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr). J. Trop. Biodiv. Biotechnol. 5(1): 68-77.
Wahyudi D, Rifliyah K, Uslan. 2020b. Genome evaluation of banana cultivars based on morphological character and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular marker. Biodiversitas. 21(7): 2982-2990
Wahyudi D, Rifliyah, K. 2020. Genome evaluation of banana cultivars based on morphological character and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular marker. Biodiversitas. 21(7): 2982-2990.
Winanta A, Hertiani T. 2019. In vivo immunomodulatory activity of Faloak bark extract (Sterculia quadrifida R. Br). Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 22(12): 590-596.
Yulita KS, Rahmat HH. 2019. Population genetic structure and diversity of a critically endangered ramin [Gonystylus bancanus Miq. (Kurz), Thymelaeaceae] from Kalimantan and Sumatra based on Sequence Random Amplified Polymorphism. Earth Env. Sci. 308: 1-9.

Most read articles by the same author(s)