Morphological and genetic diversity of bamboos in Arboretum Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Annisa, Mardliyyah A, Kusmoro J. 2017. Morphological and genetic diversity of bamboos in Arboretum Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 3: 351-360. Bamboos are versatile plant that have been used for a long time by Indonesian people in everyday life. The utilization of bamboo, continuously, could possibly reduced species and population of bamboos that available in nature. The study of morphological and genetic diversity can assist in gathering data for the purpose of conservation and sustainability use of bamboo’s germplasm. Research aimed to identify morphological and genetic diversity of bamboos in Arboretum Universitas Padjadjaran. The research of morphological diversity was done by identification based on the result of morphological observation and vegetative organ morphometric, while the research of genetic diversity was done by using SSR molecular marker. This research used observation method which included morphological identification and determination of location for collecting plant materilas, collecting plant materials, DNA isolation, visualization of DNA products, and amplification by using SSR marker. Morphology and amplification data were analysed descriptively. Clustering analysis based on genetic was done by UPGMA on Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYS) 2.02. Result of morphological diversity research showed there were ten species of bamboos in Arboretum Universitas Padjadjaran that consisted of four genus such as Bambusa, Gigantochloa, Phyllostachys, and Schizostachyum. Result of genetic diversity research showed that ten loci of SSR markers designed from Phyllostachys in China and Bambusa in India can be applied on Arboretum’s bamboos . The total alleles were 117 alleles with range size of 83-893bp. PIC value of the primers were ranged between 0.84-0.94, which categorized as very informative. Based on similarity coefficient values it can be concluded that bamboo Arboretum Universitas Padjadjaran has high level genetic diversity.