Comparative study of larvicidal activity of commercial essential oils from aromatic rosemary, vanilla, and spearmint against the mosquito Aedes aegypti
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Abstract. Laojun S, Chaiphongpachara T. 2020. Comparative study of larvicidal activity of commercial essential oils from aromatic rosemary, vanilla, and spearmint against the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Biodiversitas 21: 2383-2389. Dengue fever is a dangerous mosquito-borne viral disease of humans. This disease is caused by dengue virus, a member of the genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae. The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a principal vector for this virus. To control Ae. aegypti populations, there is extensive focus on larval eradication, because breeding sites are often close to human populations, especially man-made containers. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of commercial essential oils from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), vanilla (Vanilla planifolia), and spearmint (Mentha spicata) with regard to larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti larvae after 24 and 48-hours of exposure in the laboratory. The results showed highly efficacious larvicidal activity, with median lethal doses (LC50) of 0.23, 0.10, and 0.12 ppm after 24-hour exposure to commercial rosemary, vanilla, and spearmint oil, respectively. The results of this study will be useful for the control of a common dengue vector and may replace the use of pesticides that may have broad environmental impacts.
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References
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Barnard DR. 1999. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol 36(5): 625-659.
Barrera R, Amador M, Munoz J, Acevedo V. 2018. Integrated vector control of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes around target houses. Parasit Vectors 11(1): 1-8.
Bilcu M, Grumezescu AM, Oprea AE, Popescu RC, Mogoanu GD, Hristu R, Stanciu GA, Mihailescu DF, Lazar V, Bezirtzoglou E, Chifiriuc MC. 2014. Efficiency of vanilla, patchouli and ylang ylang essential oils stabilized by iron oxide@C14 nanostructures against bacterial adherence and biofilms formed by staphylococcus aureus and klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains. Molecules 19(11): 17943-17956.
Bond JG, Casas-Martínez M, Quiroz-Martínez H, Novelo-Gutiérrez R, Marina CF, Ulloa A, Orozco-Bonilla A, Muñoz M, Williams T. 2014. Diversity of mosquitoes and the aquatic insects associated with their oviposition sites along the Pacific coast of Mexico. Parasit Vectors 7(41): 1-19.
Bullangpoti V, Mujchariyakul W, Laksanavilat N, Junhirun P. 2018. Acute toxicity of essential oil compounds (thymol and 1,8-cineole) to insectivorous guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859. Agric Nat Resour 52(2): 190-194.
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Chaiphongpachara T, Sumchung K, Bumrungsuk A, Chansukh KK. 2018. Larvicidal and adult mosquito vector attractant activity of Tremella fuciformis Berk mushroom extract on Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex sitiens Wiedemann (Diptera: Culicidae). J Appl Pharm Sci 8(09): 007-010.
Cheng SS, Chang HT, Chang ST, Tsai KH, Chen WJ. 2003. Bioactivity of selected plant essential oils against the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti larvae. Bioresour Technol 89(1): 99-102.
de Sousa Barros A, de Morais SM, Ferreira PAT, Vieira ÍGP, Craveiro AA, dos Santos Fontenelle RO, de Menezes JESA, da Silva FWF, de Sousa HA. 2015. Chemical composition and functional properties of essential oils from mentha species. Ind Crops Prod 76(12): 557-564.
DeGraeve GM, Geiger DL, Meyer JS, Bergman HL. 1980. Acute and embryo-larval toxicity of phenolic compounds to aquatic biota. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 9(5): 557-568.
Dias CN, Moraes DFC. 2014. Essential oils and their compounds as Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) larvicides: Review. Parasitol Res 113(2): 565-592.
El-Massry KF, Farouk A, Abou-Zeid M. 2008. Free radical scavenging activity and lipoxygenase inhibition of rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis L) Volatile Oil. J Essent Oil-Bearing Plants 11(5): 536-543.
Fiume MM, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Gill LJ, Heldreth B. 2018. Safety Assessment of rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary)-derived ingredients as used in cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 37(Supplement 3): 12S-50S.
Francikowski J, Baran B, Cup M, Janiec J, Krzy?owski M. 2019. Commercially available essential oil formulas as repellents against the stored-product pest Alphitobius diaperinus. Insects 10(4): 1-11.
Geetha RV, Roy A. 2014. Essential oil repellents- A short review. Int J Drug Dev Res 6(2): 20-27.
Gillij YG, Gleiser RM, Zygadlo JA. 2008. Mosquito repellent activity of essential oils of aromatic plants growing in Argentina. Bioresour Technol 99(7):2507-2515.
Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R, Rajeswari M, Yogalakshmi K. 2012. Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of essential oil from Mentha spicata (Linn.) against three mosquito species. Parasitol Res 110(5): 2023-2032.
Hasan S, Jamdar SF, Alalowi M, Al Ageel Al Beaiji SM. 2016. Dengue virus: A global human threat: Review of literature. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 6(1): 1-6.
Isman MB, Wilson JA, Bradbury R. 2008. Insecticidal activities of commercial rosemary oils (Rosmarinus officinalis) against larvae of Pseudaletia unipuncta and Trichoplusia ni in relation to their chemical compositions. Pharm Biol 46(1–2): 82–87.
Khani M, Muhamad Awang R, Omar D. 2012. Insecticidal effects of peppermint and black pepper essential oils against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. and rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (St.). J Med Plants 11(43): 97-110.
Koc S, Oz E, Cetin H. 2012. Repellent activities of some Labiatae plant essential oils against the saltmarsh mosquito Ochlerotatus caspius (Pallas, 1771) (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol Res 110(6):2205-2209.
Komalamisra N, Trongtokit Y, Rongsriyam Y, Apiwathnasorn C. 2005. Screening for larvicidal activity in some Thai plants against four mosquito vector species. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 36(6): 1412-22.
Nerio LS, Olivero-Verbel J, Stashenko E. 2010. Repellent activity of essential oils: A review. Bioresour Technol 101(1): 372-378.
Orchard A, Van Vuuren S. 2017. Commercial essential oils as potential antimicrobials to treat skin diseases. Evidence-based Complement Altern Med 2017: 4517971.
Pavela R. 2015. Acute toxicity and synergistic and antagonistic effects of the aromatic compounds of some essential oils against Culex quinquefasciatus Say larvae. Parasitol Res 114(10): 3835-3853.
Pérez-Silva A, Odoux E, Brat P, Ribeyre F, Rodriguez-Jimenes G, Robles-Olvera V, García-Alvarado MA, Günata Z. 2006. GC-MS and GC-olfactometry analysis of aroma compounds in a representative organic aroma extract from cured vanilla (Vanilla planifolia G. Jackson) beans. Food Chem 99(4): 728-735.
Prajapati V, Tripathi AK, Aggarwal KK, Khanuja SPS. 2005. Insecticidal, repellent and oviposition-deterrent activity of selected essential oils against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Bioresour Technol 96(16): 1749-1757.
Rohani A, Azahary ARA, Malinda M, Zurainee MN, Rozilawati H, Najdah WMAW, Lee HL. 2014. Eco-virological survey of aedes mosquito larvae in selected dengue outbreak areas in malaysia. J Vector Borne Dis 51(4): 327-332.
Roiz D, Wilson AL, Scott TW, Fonseca DM, Jourdain F, Müller P, Velayudhan R, Corbel V. 2018. Integrated Aedes management for the control of Aedes-borne diseases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12(12): e0006845.
Service M. 2008. Medical entomology for students, fourth edition, Medical Entomology for Students, Fourth Edition. Cambridge University Press.
Shanmugavalli N, Umashankar V, Raheem. 2009. Anitmicrobial activity of Vanilla planifolia. Indian J Sci Technol 2(3):37-40.
Susilowati D. 2018. Utilization of rosmarin leaf oil (Rosmarinus officinalis L) ON Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larva as a filariasis vector (Elephant foot disease). J Farm 1(1): 27-33.
Tripathi AK, Prajapati V, Aggarwal KK, Kumar S. 2009. Toxicity, feeding deterrence, and effect of activity of 1,8-cineole from Artemisia annua on progeny production of Tribolium castanaeum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). J Econ Entomol 94(4): 979-983.
Tripathi AK, Prajapati V, Kumar S. 2003. Bioactivities of l-carvone, d-carvone, and dihydrocarvone toward three stored product beetles. J Econ Entomol 96(5):1594-1601.
World Health Organization. 2005. Guidelines for laboratory and field testing of mosquito larvicides. World Heal Organ. pp. 1-18.
Ziosi P, Manfredini S, Vertuani S, Ruscetta V, Radice M, Sacchetti G, Bruni R. 2010. Evaluating essential oils in cosmetics: Antioxidant capacity and functionality. Cosmet Toilet, Italy.
Baqueiro-Peña I, Guerrero-Beltrán JÁ. 2017. Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andr.), its residues and other industrial by-products for recovering high value flavor molecules: A review. J Appl Res Med Aromat Plants 6(2017): 1-7.
Barnard DR. 1999. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol 36(5): 625-659.
Barrera R, Amador M, Munoz J, Acevedo V. 2018. Integrated vector control of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes around target houses. Parasit Vectors 11(1): 1-8.
Bilcu M, Grumezescu AM, Oprea AE, Popescu RC, Mogoanu GD, Hristu R, Stanciu GA, Mihailescu DF, Lazar V, Bezirtzoglou E, Chifiriuc MC. 2014. Efficiency of vanilla, patchouli and ylang ylang essential oils stabilized by iron oxide@C14 nanostructures against bacterial adherence and biofilms formed by staphylococcus aureus and klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains. Molecules 19(11): 17943-17956.
Bond JG, Casas-Martínez M, Quiroz-Martínez H, Novelo-Gutiérrez R, Marina CF, Ulloa A, Orozco-Bonilla A, Muñoz M, Williams T. 2014. Diversity of mosquitoes and the aquatic insects associated with their oviposition sites along the Pacific coast of Mexico. Parasit Vectors 7(41): 1-19.
Bullangpoti V, Mujchariyakul W, Laksanavilat N, Junhirun P. 2018. Acute toxicity of essential oil compounds (thymol and 1,8-cineole) to insectivorous guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859. Agric Nat Resour 52(2): 190-194.
Chaiphongpachara T, Chitsawaeng C, Chansukh KK. 2019. Comparison of the larvicidal and adult mosquito attractant efficacy between straw mushroom Volvariella volvacea extract and octenol (1-octen-3-ol) on mosquito vectors (Diptera: Culicidae). J Appl Pharm Sci 9(07): 095-099.
Chaiphongpachara T, Sumchung K, Bumrungsuk A, Chansukh KK. 2018. Larvicidal and adult mosquito vector attractant activity of Tremella fuciformis Berk mushroom extract on Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex sitiens Wiedemann (Diptera: Culicidae). J Appl Pharm Sci 8(09): 007-010.
Cheng SS, Chang HT, Chang ST, Tsai KH, Chen WJ. 2003. Bioactivity of selected plant essential oils against the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti larvae. Bioresour Technol 89(1): 99-102.
de Sousa Barros A, de Morais SM, Ferreira PAT, Vieira ÍGP, Craveiro AA, dos Santos Fontenelle RO, de Menezes JESA, da Silva FWF, de Sousa HA. 2015. Chemical composition and functional properties of essential oils from mentha species. Ind Crops Prod 76(12): 557-564.
DeGraeve GM, Geiger DL, Meyer JS, Bergman HL. 1980. Acute and embryo-larval toxicity of phenolic compounds to aquatic biota. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 9(5): 557-568.
Dias CN, Moraes DFC. 2014. Essential oils and their compounds as Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) larvicides: Review. Parasitol Res 113(2): 565-592.
El-Massry KF, Farouk A, Abou-Zeid M. 2008. Free radical scavenging activity and lipoxygenase inhibition of rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis L) Volatile Oil. J Essent Oil-Bearing Plants 11(5): 536-543.
Fiume MM, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Gill LJ, Heldreth B. 2018. Safety Assessment of rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary)-derived ingredients as used in cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 37(Supplement 3): 12S-50S.
Francikowski J, Baran B, Cup M, Janiec J, Krzy?owski M. 2019. Commercially available essential oil formulas as repellents against the stored-product pest Alphitobius diaperinus. Insects 10(4): 1-11.
Geetha RV, Roy A. 2014. Essential oil repellents- A short review. Int J Drug Dev Res 6(2): 20-27.
Gillij YG, Gleiser RM, Zygadlo JA. 2008. Mosquito repellent activity of essential oils of aromatic plants growing in Argentina. Bioresour Technol 99(7):2507-2515.
Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R, Rajeswari M, Yogalakshmi K. 2012. Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of essential oil from Mentha spicata (Linn.) against three mosquito species. Parasitol Res 110(5): 2023-2032.
Hasan S, Jamdar SF, Alalowi M, Al Ageel Al Beaiji SM. 2016. Dengue virus: A global human threat: Review of literature. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 6(1): 1-6.
Isman MB, Wilson JA, Bradbury R. 2008. Insecticidal activities of commercial rosemary oils (Rosmarinus officinalis) against larvae of Pseudaletia unipuncta and Trichoplusia ni in relation to their chemical compositions. Pharm Biol 46(1–2): 82–87.
Khani M, Muhamad Awang R, Omar D. 2012. Insecticidal effects of peppermint and black pepper essential oils against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. and rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (St.). J Med Plants 11(43): 97-110.
Koc S, Oz E, Cetin H. 2012. Repellent activities of some Labiatae plant essential oils against the saltmarsh mosquito Ochlerotatus caspius (Pallas, 1771) (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol Res 110(6):2205-2209.
Komalamisra N, Trongtokit Y, Rongsriyam Y, Apiwathnasorn C. 2005. Screening for larvicidal activity in some Thai plants against four mosquito vector species. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 36(6): 1412-22.
Nerio LS, Olivero-Verbel J, Stashenko E. 2010. Repellent activity of essential oils: A review. Bioresour Technol 101(1): 372-378.
Orchard A, Van Vuuren S. 2017. Commercial essential oils as potential antimicrobials to treat skin diseases. Evidence-based Complement Altern Med 2017: 4517971.
Pavela R. 2015. Acute toxicity and synergistic and antagonistic effects of the aromatic compounds of some essential oils against Culex quinquefasciatus Say larvae. Parasitol Res 114(10): 3835-3853.
Pérez-Silva A, Odoux E, Brat P, Ribeyre F, Rodriguez-Jimenes G, Robles-Olvera V, García-Alvarado MA, Günata Z. 2006. GC-MS and GC-olfactometry analysis of aroma compounds in a representative organic aroma extract from cured vanilla (Vanilla planifolia G. Jackson) beans. Food Chem 99(4): 728-735.
Prajapati V, Tripathi AK, Aggarwal KK, Khanuja SPS. 2005. Insecticidal, repellent and oviposition-deterrent activity of selected essential oils against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Bioresour Technol 96(16): 1749-1757.
Rohani A, Azahary ARA, Malinda M, Zurainee MN, Rozilawati H, Najdah WMAW, Lee HL. 2014. Eco-virological survey of aedes mosquito larvae in selected dengue outbreak areas in malaysia. J Vector Borne Dis 51(4): 327-332.
Roiz D, Wilson AL, Scott TW, Fonseca DM, Jourdain F, Müller P, Velayudhan R, Corbel V. 2018. Integrated Aedes management for the control of Aedes-borne diseases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12(12): e0006845.
Service M. 2008. Medical entomology for students, fourth edition, Medical Entomology for Students, Fourth Edition. Cambridge University Press.
Shanmugavalli N, Umashankar V, Raheem. 2009. Anitmicrobial activity of Vanilla planifolia. Indian J Sci Technol 2(3):37-40.
Susilowati D. 2018. Utilization of rosmarin leaf oil (Rosmarinus officinalis L) ON Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larva as a filariasis vector (Elephant foot disease). J Farm 1(1): 27-33.
Tripathi AK, Prajapati V, Aggarwal KK, Kumar S. 2009. Toxicity, feeding deterrence, and effect of activity of 1,8-cineole from Artemisia annua on progeny production of Tribolium castanaeum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). J Econ Entomol 94(4): 979-983.
Tripathi AK, Prajapati V, Kumar S. 2003. Bioactivities of l-carvone, d-carvone, and dihydrocarvone toward three stored product beetles. J Econ Entomol 96(5):1594-1601.
World Health Organization. 2005. Guidelines for laboratory and field testing of mosquito larvicides. World Heal Organ. pp. 1-18.
Ziosi P, Manfredini S, Vertuani S, Ruscetta V, Radice M, Sacchetti G, Bruni R. 2010. Evaluating essential oils in cosmetics: Antioxidant capacity and functionality. Cosmet Toilet, Italy.
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