Ethnoeconomic significance and sustainability of kepah (Meretrix meretrix) harvesting in Bagan Asahan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
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Abstract. Purwoko A, Latifah S, Bakti D, Suratman MN, Tanjung JA, Tsaqofi NU. 2026. Ethnoeconomic significance and sustainability of kepah (Meretrix meretrix) harvesting in Bagan Asahan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 9: y090110. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjethnobiol/y090110. Mangroves play a crucial role in the aquatic food chain, supporting a variety of aquatic biota, including kepah or Asiatic hard clam (Meretrix meretrix). This study aimed to determine the production and economic value of kepah, its contribution to household income, and the factors influencing the income of kepah fishermen. This study was conducted in Bagan Asahan, a center of kepah production in North Sumatra, Indonesia, with a global market reach. Primary data were collected through a survey and analyzed using descriptive and explanatory statistics. Backward linear regression was used to examine factors suspected of influencing the income of kepah fishermen. Local knowledge and practices in utilizing kepah natural resources were explored to enrich insights into wisdom and sustainability. This study provides data on the production and economic value of kepah caught by fishermen throughout the year, as well as the level of economic dependence on this resource. The study found that kepah fish contributed 74.64% to the total household income of kepah fishermen, categorized as a "major contribution". The study also produced a model to estimate the income of kepah fishermen, with significant variables including boat ownership, gender, age, fishing duration, and fishing gear type. The scientific implications of this study are expected to encourage stakeholders to play a more effective role in promoting the growth of kepah fishermen's income, while still prioritizing local wisdom in sustainable kepah harvesting practices.
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